方寸間的藝術─文字瓦當的裝飾審美意蘊

瓦當是建築用的一種陶製品，是陶製筒瓦頂端下垂的部分，是瓦片的頭端，即「瓦頭」，擋住瓦片使其不致滑落，主要是方便於屋頂流水，也有保護屋檐、防止風雨浸蝕，延長建築物壽命的作用，是實用與美觀結合的物品。瓦當的起源與發展，與當時社會經濟、政治、文化、生活各方面有著密切的相關性，在瓦當中大量運用文字來表述寓意並作為裝飾，可以直接表達當時人們的思想和需求。文字不僅能表達內容，文字本身也是很好的裝飾形式，變化多樣的字體，形成內容豐富又辭藻華麗的瓦當文字。本文主要從文字瓦當的結構、筆畫、字形和美學等層面來論述，文字瓦當的線條在圓方構建的空間內隨體詰詘，盤曲糾繞，以藝術化的手法點、畫勾摹出中國文字的形體之美，靈活多變的結構布局展示出瓦當藝術的獨特之美。

關鍵字

文字瓦當；書法藝術；筆畫；結構

並列摘要

Wa Dang is the ceramics plate using for building, which is belonging to eaves. There are many functions, like protecting the eaves to prevent damages from wind and rain, extending the year of the construction, more important, Wa Dang art will Increase the aesthetics of building. In Wa Dang art, the main point is showing us the desire from human being and using character to display, which is also a good decorative form in building. Therefore, the character ornamental in Wa Dang art shows many ideas from our life. This paper will discuss the character ornamental in Wa Dang art from its structure, font, and strokes of Chinese character, also mentioned the aesthetic of Chinese character.