英國區域性男女失業率之磁滯性研究

The study of Hysteresis in Unemployment rates by Gender: Evidence from U.K. regional dataset

李奇穎(Chi-Ying Lee)

指導教授 ： 劉德芝

淡江大學/商學院/產業經濟學系碩士班/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2012.01111

摘要

本文以英國11個區域、區域男性與區域女性之月失業率資料為研究對象，資料從1992年4月至2010年12月，檢測其磁滯假說，加以分析英國之勞動市場。其中單根檢定方法包含傳統單根檢定、Panel聯合單根檢定、CBL多重結構點單根檢定與Ender與Lee之傅立葉單根檢定。實證結果顯示造成英國區域失業率為磁滯現象之主因為女性失業率者，而男性則不存在失業磁滯現象。這個結果也進一步顯示英國之勞動市場存在性別制度之問題。

關鍵字

磁滯 ； 失業率 ； 英國 ； 性別 ； 單根檢定

並列摘要

This study applies stationary test to test the hysteresis unemployment hypothesis between 1992 April and 20012 December by gender in British 11 regions. The methodologies include traditional unit root test, Panel unit root test, Panel unit root test with structural breaks and Fourier Unit Root Test. We find the evidence of hysteresis in the regional female unemployment rate, but not in the regional male unemployment rate. The results indicate that the UK regional labor market might have institutional factors against women.

並列關鍵字

Hysteresis ； UK ； gender ； unemployment ； unit root test

參考文獻

Anker, R. (1998) “Gender and Jobs: Sex Segregation of Occupations in the World,” International Labour Office, Geneva.

Blanchard, O. and Katz, L. F. (1997), “ What we know and do not know about the natural rate of unemployment, ” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 11, 51–72.

Blanchard, O and L. Summers (1986), “Hysteresis and the European Unemployment Problem,” NBER Macroeconomics Annual, 15-78.

Brunello, G. (1990), “Hysteresis and ‘the Japanese Unemployment Problem’: A Preliminary Investigation,” Oxford Economic Papers, 42, 483-500.

Bureau of Labor Statistics (2004), “Comparative Civilian Labor Force Statistics: Ten Countries, ” 1959–2003, US Department of Labor.