直交表用於π型平面天線之設計

Application of Orthogonal Array for the Design of π-shaped Planar Antenna

孫茂棋(Mau-Chhi Sun)

指導教授 ： 李慶烈

淡江大學/工學院/電機工程學系碩士班/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2012.01142

摘要

本論文探討藉由直交表(Orthogonal Array, OA)的使用以進行天線的創新迭代設計，目標設定在設計一種平面式的雙頻天線，針對一以同軸線直接饋入的π型天線結構進行優化，期待能在有限且少量次數的迭代次數內，使天線結構達到我們所要求之優化設計。
令上述的π型天線結構駐在一本研究係針對厚度為0.8mm的FR4基板(相對介電係數為4.4、Dielectric Loss Tangent為0.02)，且其頻寬所涵蓋的應用範圍包括ISM/Bluetooth、WiMAX、WLAN(802.11a/b/g/n)，針對此進行模擬分析與如下的優化設計，並和實作結果相驗證，其涵蓋應用範圍包括ISM/Bluetooth、WiMAX、WLAN(802.11a/b/g/n)。
　 為了完成上述的創新迭代設計過程，首先得依據π型平面天線的結構，選定設計/調配之結構參數以及參數之位準(level)，建立一個適當之直交表；之後再以電磁模擬軟體執行直交表上的部份因子實

驗，進行少量且有限次數的迭代；依據模擬數據來計算不同因子實驗之適應值，以進行天線參數之優化，目的在測試本論文得設計方法是否能在進行少量且有限次數的迭代之後，滿足預先規畫的頻段規格要求。
　 本論文所使用的參數設計法與其他參數設計法比較，最大的特色在於利用直交表中每個參數因子的位準出現次數為均等的特性，以達到加快設計流程、降低搜尋次數，再結合逐步縮減搜尋範圍之技巧，以實現天線之優化搜尋，達到將直交表應用於迭代設計天線之理念。

關鍵字

直交表 ； 平面天線 ； 雙頻天線

並列摘要

In this thesis, the application of Orthogonal Array (OA) to design antennas through a novel iterative procedure is investigated. The objective is to design a planar dual-band antenna. A coaxial-fed π-shape antenna structure is optimized through the proposed novel procedure. It is expected that within a certain limited small iterations the S11 characteristics of the antenna can satisfy the required specificaion.
The antenna concerned is assumed to reside on an FR4 substrate (of thickness of 0.8mm, and with relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and loss tangent~0.02), and with frequency range covering the application of ISM / Bluetooth, and WiMAX, WLAN (802.11a/b/g/n). For the above conditions, the antenna simulation and the iterativelly optimized design are carried out, and finally the novel antennas are fabricated and verified by measurement.
For the novel iterative design procedure, the parameters of the π-shaped antenna are first chosen, and their ranges are suitably set, then a corresponding OA can be estabilished. Next, the fractional factorial experiments of the OA are carried out by using a commertial electromagnetic simulation software. Based on the simulation results, the fitnesses of the fractional factorial experiments are calculated such that the limited small number of iterations are conducted to optimize the antenna parameters. The objective is to test that whether the proposed novel antenna design procedure work to have the convergent antenna meet the pre-set frequency requirement or not,
As compared to other design method, the most important feature of the proposed novel method is the utilization of the OA, which exhibits the uniformity for the occurrence of each level of the parameters. The inclusion of OA is expected to accellerate the design process, reduce the search time. When the OA is combined with the range reduction technique, it is found quite suitable to serve as an alternative for antenna design.

並列關鍵字

Planar Antenna,Dual-band,PIFA,π-shaped antenna ； WLAN antenna ； Taguchi method ； Orthogonal Array

參考文獻

[30] 江彥學，具寬頻及雙頻特性的PIFA天線結構，碩士論文，淡江大學電機工程學系，2010年6月

[31] 楊尚嶧，直交表於UWB天線設計上的應用，碩士論文，淡江大學電機工程學系，2011年6月

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