產業變遷之都市空間使用研究-以鶯歌為例

都市發展快速導致產業變遷，進而影響整體都市運作，以都市計劃而言，3~5年內會在都市計畫內做通盤檢討，但目前都市計畫制定的原則上，主要是以預測人口為制定方式，再進行細部計畫的調整與修訂，但應該將各個都市計畫區所產生的各項議題做特定的考量，已達成都市計劃的目標，故藉由本研究將界定影響因子以納入考量，使都市計畫通盤檢討時容納額外的考量因子，制定修訂準則之考量。本研究之基地於新北市鶯歌區範圍內；鶯歌區自民國50年代後，雖原有的採集煤礦業大幅沒落，但因陶瓷製造業的興盛，從事二級產業的人口依然持續增加。自民國80年後，中國大陸的廉價勞力建立，導致產業外移，陶瓷製造業逐漸沒落，政府為了振興當地產業，因此在民國83年後挹注了許多政策，使鶯歌近年來，陶瓷製造業逐漸走向精緻化的商業以及觀光機能。在此產業變遷的過程中，產生新的都市問題，導致人口壅塞、交通不便等……。因此在都市通盤檢時，是否能有額外的因子也應一併納入考量，制定出與現況地區適宜的都市土地使用方式。在此產業變遷的過程中，產生新的都市問題，因此在都市通盤檢時，是否能有額外的因子也應一併納入考量，制定出與現況地區適宜的都市土地使用方式。本研究結果包含：(1)藉由台灣新都市主義的探討，了解目前台灣都市規劃所遇見之問題、(2)透過文獻的蒐集、整理與分析，得知鶯歌區產業演化每一階段的時期、(3)透過新北市民政局(都市計畫區內實際人口數)、新北市觀光局(觀光地區遊客人數統計)以及中華民國工商普查數據，分析實際人口、觀光人口以及區位商數與都市空間的關係。本研究發現：(1)台灣都市計劃最大的問題在於，將都市計劃的擬定變成是人口與土地使用配置間的排列組合 (2)鶯歌區都市計畫區內人口數與預測人口數之間的差距並非可以單以延長計畫年期為解決辦法，應該將地區內所發生的問題納入考慮，進而改善都市空間。

關鍵字

都市空間；鶯歌區；區位商數

並列摘要

The rapid development of urban centers leads to the transformation of industry, and this in turn affect the urban operation. In terms of urban planning division, the urban plan shall be reviewed comprehensively once every three or five years. But in principle in urban planning review, the methods and issues considered are mainly thru predicting the population growth, then adjusting and revising the detail of the urban planning. Moreover, it should be consider different issues caused by urban planning district. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find factors that provide additional formulate criterion when reviewing the urban planning. The area of the study was located at Yingge District, New Taipei City. Although mining industry in Yingge District had drastically declined after 1961 because of the prosperity of ceramics products manufacturing, people who worked on secondary industrial sectors continually increased. After 1991, due to the cheap labor of China, the industries were offshoring, and ceramics products manufacturing gradually declined. To strength the local industry, the government formulated lots of policy after 1994, which made ceramics products manufacturing turned into refined business function and tourism function. During the process of industry transformation, it pops out new urban issues, therefore, when doing urban planning review, it should consider some additional factor of urban planning, in order to plan an appropriate urban land use which match the current area. The results of this study included: (1) the urban planning in Taiwan needs to consider other factors beside population growth. (2) By studying period of industry evolution in Yingge through collecting and sorting industry changes issues that need to be analyzed. (3)Analyzing the population, tourists, and the relation between Location Quotient and urban spatial relation. In this study the conclusions are as follow：(1) The most prominent issues of urban planning in Taiwan is assuming the population growth as a given in thw formulation of new urban plan (2) The difference between actual population in Yingge urban planning district and predicted population is quite drastic, therefore, urban planning should consider other issues such as industry change and shift of daily population fluctuation in the urban planning process.