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  • 學位論文

應用於超音波系統變頻之單電感雙輸出穩壓器

Single-Inductor Dual-Output DC-DC Converters Using Variable Frequency for Ultrasound Systems

指導教授 : 楊維斌

摘要


隨著科技不斷的進步,積體電路與製程越來越先進,晶片功能與效能也越來越多元,晶片尺寸越來越小,所以可攜式電子產品也成為未來趨勢之一,那需要完成可攜式產品就必須將許多電路系統整合至系統單晶片。而系統上所需要的供應電壓也就越來越多,那也將提高設計供應電壓電路的困難度,所以利用一輸入電源而產生兩個不同電壓的轉換器,來達到減少電路元件的數量。主要有兩種電路供應所需的電壓,一是低壓降線性穩壓器,二是直流直流轉換器,這兩種為最常見的供應電壓電路。此次設計應用於手持式超音波系統,而供應電壓需要到高壓,在佈局方面增加了不少挑戰,以及不同的供應電壓如何在同一電路上盡量不互相影響,轉換效率如何提高,都是需要突破的難題。目前可攜式電子產品中因為功能複雜,使內部電路需要的供應電壓準位需求也增加。而在手持式超音波系統需求有高壓和低壓的部分,而此研究提供了兩種供應電壓分別為1.2V和12V,最大需要提供各350mA的電流負載,為了驅動超音波系統的探頭,需要以高電壓來驅動,使超音波探棒頭能正常操作。在這次的電路裡需要使用到HV元件,所以製程是使用T25HVG2 1P3M。 這次研究所提出的是應用於超音波系統變頻之單電感雙輸出穩壓器,主要分為功率級和控制器部分,而控制器部分有兩條回授路徑,分別為降壓到1.2V和升壓到12V,內部電路主要包含: 電壓參考電路(Bandgap)、時脈及斜波產生電路(Clock&Ramp Generator)、誤差放大器(Error Amplifier)、比較器(Comparator)、死區控制電路(Dead Control Circuit)。電流在IL在開關SX導通時充電,其斜率上升為VIN/L,第一組為降壓,當比較器收到輸出端Voa的訊號之後會進到比較器和參考電壓比較,如果輸出端Voa比參考電壓大,就會關閉電感電流對Voa充電,而輸出Voa小於參考電壓,就會繼續讓電感電流對Voa充電,直到輸出到設計的準位才會停止。第二組為升壓,當比較器接收到Vob的訊號會進到誤差放大器與參考電壓比較,若大於參考電壓,則會減少充電時間,若小於參考電壓,則會增加充電時間,直到輸出穩定。而接下來當輸出負載有變動的狀態,例如當負載為重載狀態時,脈波寬度調變電路就會增加放電時間,使負載充到一定的電壓和電流準位,反之當負載為輕載狀態時,會縮短放電時間,使負載穩在需要的電流和電壓準位。 而在未來的電源管理系統中需要輸出多組不同電壓供電,因此如何設計出高效能以及多不同輸出,在多不同輸出能夠不互相影響,抗製程、溫度、電壓變異…等,或是可能為超低壓或超高壓,以及在很多獵能系統都需要非常高效能的電源管理系統,以上都為電源管理未來研究發展的重點。

並列摘要


With the continuous improvement of technology, integrated circuit and process more advanced,Chip functionality and performance is also more diverse and Chip Size is getting smaller, so portable electronic products have become one of the future trends, Portable products must integrate many circuit into SoC, And the system needs more supply voltage, it will also increase the difficulty of designing supply voltage circuit, So using a single input power to produce two different voltage converter, to reduce the number of circuit components. The research proposed is the Single-Inductor Dual-Output DC-DC Converters Using Variable Frequency for Ultrasound System, System is divided into the power stage and controller, the controller has two feedback paths, respectively, buck to 1.2V and boost to 12V, Provide 350mA maximum current load, in order to drive the ultrasonic system probe, ultrasonic probe head needs to be driven by high voltage, In this paper need to use the HV components, so the process is to use T25HVG2 1P3M. The internal circuits include: Bandgap, Clock & Ramp Generator, Error Amplifier, Comparator, Dead Control Circuit, In the future of the power management system needs to output multiple sets of different voltage supply, so how to design a high efficiency and many different outputs, the above are the focus of future research and development of power management

參考文獻


[1]C. Y. Huang, Y. C. Chen and C. H. Tsai, "Integrated single-inductor dual-output DC-DC converter with power-distributive control," 2013 International Symposium on Next-Generation Electronics, Kaohsiung, 2013, pp. 33-36.
[2]Guan-Lin Li, Ying-Chi Chen, Yi-Ting Chang, C. H. Tsai and Huei-Shan Chen, "A single-inductor dual-output DC-DC converter with output voltage mode switching," 2012 IEEE 13th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL), Kyoto, 2012, pp. 1-4
[3]H. W. Chang, W. H. Chang and C. H. Tsai, "Integrated single-inductor buck-boost or boost-boost DC-DC converter with power-distributive control," 2009 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS), Taipei, 2009, pp. 1184-1187
[4]C. C. Chen, Chung-Hsun Huang and Jia-En Chen, "A SIDO buck converter with a load dependent controller to minimize cross-regulation," TENCON 2015 - 2015 IEEE Region 10 Conference, Macao, 2015, pp. 1-5. doi: 10.1109/TENCON.2015.7373032
[5]W. S. Chou, et al., "An Embedded Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) System Through 55 nm Single-Inductor Dual-Output (SIDO) Switching Converter for 12-Bit Video Digital-to-Analog Converter," in IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 1568-1584, July 2012

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