中國與北韓區域經濟發展現況與分析─以金正日時期開始

近年來，中國對周邊地域推進以睦鄰外交與經濟外交為主軸的地緣經濟戰略。中國地緣經濟戰略的核心是，在經濟上，推進與周邊地域的國家經濟合作，在政治上，要獲取邊境地帶的安全與穩定，進而在此基礎上造成對自身經濟發展良好的周邊環境。由於獨特的地緣關係，朝鮮半島成為中國地緣經濟戰略的主要夥伴，朝鮮半島局勢發展長久以來一直牽動東北亞的區域安全穩定，而北韓的動向及態度，又是朝鮮半島問題之關鍵。北韓為了維持政權持續，積極發展核武技術，其核武危機除了危及東北亞區域安全外，更攸關著全球核武擴散的問題，隨著中共日漸重視經濟發展，因此一直希冀核武危機能透過各方對話和平解決。因此，中國為了確保對朝鮮半島問題的角色與發言權，還是需要維持對北韓方面的影響力。為此，在政治上，中國對北韓採取謹慎與低調姿態，提供政治外交支援。在經濟上，中國通過強化雙方經貿合作，兩國經濟更為密切，擴大經濟影響力，進而，將北韓置於中國的經濟影響圈之下。中國對於北韓的影響，不必再仰賴軍事及武力，經濟整合將使中國在東亞國際政治中，更有存在的價值，朝鮮半島將是這個趨勢當中不可分割的一部分。

關鍵字

中國北韓區域經濟；朝鮮半島；東北亞經濟戰略

並列摘要

In recent years, China has promoted the geopolitical strategy of the neighboring regions, which is based on good-neighbor diplomacy and economic diplomacy. The core of China's geoeconomic strategy is to promote economic cooperation with neighboring countries in the economy, and to obtain security and stability in the border areas in terms of politics, and on this basis, create a good surrounding environment for its own economic development. Because of its unique geographical relationship, the Korean Peninsula has become the main partner of China’s geoeconomic strategy. The development of the Korean Peninsula has long influenced the regional security and stability of Northeast Asia. The trend and attitude of North Korea is also the key of the Korean Peninsula issue. In order to maintain the continuation of power control and to actively develop nuclear weapons technology, North Korea’s nuclear crisis not only endangers regional security in Northeast Asia, but also concerns the issue of global nuclear proliferation. As the Chinese Communist Party increasingly values economic development, it has always hoped that the nuclear crisis can be resolved through each Talk peacefully. Therefore, in order to ensure the role and voice of the Korean Peninsula issue, China still needs to maintain its influence on North Korea. To this end, politically, China has adopted a prudent and low-key attitude toward North Korea to provide political and diplomatic support. Economically, China has strengthened its economic and trade cooperation, and the economies of these two countries have become closer, thus the North Korea is still under China’s economic circle of influence. China’s influence on North Korea no longer depends on military and military force. Economic integration will make China more valuable in East Asian international politics. The Korean Peninsula will be an integral part of this trend.