都市原住民公共空間營造之新模式初探－以台北市原住民文化主題公園為例

Preliminary analysis of new construction models of public space for urban-dwelling indigenous people – a case study of the Indigenous People Theme Park in Taipei City

張元吉(Chang Yuan-Chi)

指導教授 ： 鄭晃二

淡江大學/工學院/建築學系碩士班/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2007.01049

摘要

本論文以都市原住民在異鄉環境的生活情形做為觀察、訪談研究的對象，針對台北地區以台灣原住民文化為主題的公共空間提出建議。從研究對象心中對「原鄉生活記憶」所詮釋文化活動的觀點，來理解原住民移居都市之後是如何在主流社會的邊緣地景進行文化活動。

本文進行三個以原住民文化為主題公共空間的案例分析，探討其營造文化空間的內容，應該要如何呈現都市原住民所認同的文化環境。本研究探討一個以公園與生活結合的學習環境的設計策略，並發展一個實驗性的案例，名為「都市原住民生活會館」。會館的成形是透過瞭解文化傳統生活的需求，以傳統生活情境的互動關係，所發展出來的設計策略。研究的目的是活化公共空間與都市原住民互動學習的環境，讓空間更為都市原住民共同參與文化的場所。規劃策略有以下列兩觀點：
一、以原住民文化為主題的公共空間，應該採用傳統文化環境的情境來詮釋。
二、「都市原住民生活會館」的營造方式，應該從參與設計過程開始，藉著傳統營建的學習過程逐一構築會館生活空間的全貌。

這個活化的公共空間不只是具體形式的表現，而是一種結合傳統生活學習的體驗空間。藉由都市原住民共同參與設計及自力營造的過程，來滿足靜態、動態層次的學習經驗，進而產生對傳統生活更多元的文化認識；讓過去「生活的記憶」成為都市原住民體驗文化的學習環境。研究最後依據訪談分析以及案例研究的探討，本研究提出以下三項的發現：

一、都市原住民自力營造的過程，所創造的原鄉生活情境，是生活交流的空間。

二、以原住民文化為主題的公共設施，缺乏與都市原住民生活產生關聯。

三、由上而下的協力關係營造的公共設施，顯然無法呈現原住民自主學習的環境。

關鍵字

都市原住民 ； 公共空間 ； 參與設計

並列摘要

In this research, observations have been made on the living circumstances of urban-dwelling indigenous people who are adapting to living in environs foreign to them. Through interviews, subjects were asked to provide suggestions regarding public space allocated for themes on Taiwanese indigenous peoples’ culture in the Taipei area. An attempt will be made to understand how indigenous people engage in cultural activities while living on the marginal edge of mainstream society after moving to the city, by interpreting the subjects’ perspectives of cultural activities after examining their ideas of “memories of life in the old home town”.

For the purpose of this paper, analyses of three case studies of public space constructed on themes of indigenous people’s culture examined the content that has been created with these constructions and how to faithfully present a cultural environment that would be accepted by indigenous people living in cities. We will be looking at a design strategy that focuses on creating a learning environment that combines elements of park and daily life to develop an experimental case, entitled “Urban-dwelling Indigenous Peoples’ Activity Center”. The design strategy involved in the construction of this activity center has been developed from determining the needs of indigenous people in their cultural and traditional life styles to recreate genuine interaction in authentic scenarios of indigenous people’s daily lives. The objective of this research is to vitalize public space and environments for urban-dwelling indigenous people to participate in interaction and learning so that these public spaces will become an appropriate venue for them to engage in cultural activities. There are two underlying premises in the planning strategies:
1. Public space constructed on aboriginal cultural themes should reflect an appropriate interpretation of indigenous people’s traditional cultural environment.

2. The construction of “Urban-dwelling Indigenous People’s Activity Center” should involve indigenous people’s participation during the design stage; the living space created in the activity center should be constructed gradually in the manner that resembles the learning process of traditional construction.

This vitalized public space is not merely a concrete presentation of aboriginal culture; it should be a space that offers authentic experiences of traditional lifestyles and learning of aboriginal culture. By having the urban-dwelling indigenous people take part in the design and construction of such public space, we will be able to provide static and dynamic learning experiences that will, in turn, enhance cultural understanding and awareness of traditional lifestyles. In addition, this will allow us to create a learning environment for urban-dwelling indigenous people to experience their culture from the “memories of lifestyles in the past”. Finally, based on the analyses of interviews and case studies, the following discoveries were made:

1. The “home town life scenarios” created by urban-dwelling indigenous people in their attempt to design and construct public space allows them to engage in traditional daily exchanges.
2. Existing public facilities built on aboriginal culture themes are lacking in terms of relevance to the daily lives of urban-dwelling indigenous people.
3. Existing BOT projects of public facilities are apparently inadequate to recreate environments of independent learning for urban-dwelling indigenous people.

並列關鍵字

urban-dwelling aboriginal people ； public space ； participation in design

參考文獻

2001 《台灣原住民的社會與文化》，台北：聯經。

2003 《文化展演與台灣原住民 》，台北：聯經。

1993 〈都市阿美族的聚居生活型態--以西美社區為例〉，收錄於《中央研究院民族學

1997 《台灣原住民文化（二）》，台北：光華雜誌社。

Tim Cresswell 著 王志弘、徐苔玲 譯