探討健康信念模式與大學生飲食行為之關係-以身體意象為干擾

根據世界衛生組織與世界肥胖聯盟指出，全世界肥胖人口比例逐年上升，我國也不例外。根據衛福部(2018)的統計資料顯示，2008至2016年期間，國內肥胖人數比例亦是逐年增加。而國民的主要飲食問題在於營養的不均衡以及營養過剩的問題。曾有學者指出大學生正處於身心理快速成長的階段，在知覺「身體意象」的方面將會呈現不穩定的現象，更可能因為對身體意象的不滿意而引發心因性厭食症、暴食症、或過度節食的不正常飲食行為。因此，本研究將以身體意象作為干擾來探討健康信念模式與大學生的飲食行為間的關係作為本研究的研究目的。研究方法採用問卷調查法，主要對象為就學中的大學生，以李克特七點尺度量表衡量，並以線性結構方程式(SEM)來釐清各變數之間的關係，本研究回收的有效問卷數共205份。研究結果顯示，身體意象的滿意度高或低會影響健康信念模式與飲食行為間的關係，雖然本文僅探討身體意象是否會影響健康信念模式與飲食行為間的關係，但也希望藉由了解大學生飲食行為改變的可能原因來改善不良的飲食習慣。

關鍵字

身體意象；健康信念模式；飲食行為；大學生

並列摘要

According to the World Health Organization and the World Obesity Federation. The proportion of obese people in the world is rising year by year. According to the Ministry of Health and Welfare, from 2008 to 2016, The proportion of obese people has increased year by year. People's main dietary problems are nutritional imbalances and over nutrition. College students are in the stage of rapid growth of their mentality. In the aspect of perception of "body image", there will be an unstable phenomenon, and it is more likely to cause anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or excessive dieting due to dissatisfaction with the body image. This study will use the influence of body image on college students health belief model intervention and diet behavior. The research method used a questionnaire, the main target was college students, using the Likert seven-point scale to measure, using linear structural equations to clarify the relationship between variables. The total number of valid questionnaires recovered in this study was 205. The results show that the high or low satisfaction of body image will affect the relationship between health belief model and eating behavior. Although this article only explores whether body image will affect the relationship between health belief model and eating behavior. But I also hope to improve bad eating habits by understanding the possible causes of changes in college students' eating behavior.