久站作業肌肉骨骼傷害預防之人因工程介入評估研究

The study of ergonomic intervention among musculoskeletal disorders during prolonged standing tasks

蔡俊彥(Chun-yen Tsai)

指導教授 ： 林彥輝

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/職業安全衛生學系碩士班/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU.2015.00031

摘要

許多職業都需長時間站立作業，因此造成作業人員下肢疼痛、足底不適及工作抱怨，直接、間接的影響工作安全及增加肌肉骨骼傷害風險。
　　本研究招募40名健康女性進行4小時及8小時電路板組配站姿作業，以探討不同人因工程介入方式對足底主觀不適之影響。人因工程介入方式包括：（1）抗疲勞地墊；（2）足部舒緩操；（3）高低足踏桿；（4）不使用任何人因介入方式，並在實驗前、實驗中與實驗後進行下肢主觀不舒適程度評量（問卷效度：0.739）。
　　研究結果顯示足底主觀不適評比及客觀圍度量測，顯著不同人因工程介入方式影響。於高低足踏桿條件下對於改善足部不舒適效果較不明顯，而於足部舒緩操條件下不舒適程度最低，且足底主觀及客觀不適評比其不舒適的程度顯著隨站立時間長度而增加。
　　根據本研究結果，建議長時間站立作業人員可採用抗疲勞地墊作為改善久站不適的工具。

關鍵字

久站作業 ； 抗疲勞墊 ； 主觀不適評比

並列摘要

In many occupations, workers are standing for a prolonged period to work, resulting in complains of discomfort and pain. Increasing of MSDs risk by direct or indirect contact.
　　This study explores the influence of anti-fatigue mat, footrail, movement and none prevention interface on comfort. Forty healthy female volunteers performed 4hours and 8 hours of PCBA assembling works. The parameters measured pre-experiment, during and after the 4 hours and 8 hours work were perceived discomfort ratings in feet. Experimental results show that the footrail is not significantly affected comfort rating of feet.
　　There was subjectively and objectively more discomfort standing on the footrail, and there was less discomfort on the movement.
　　Human discomfort rate and shank circumference increases as the standing time increases. This study suggests the need for a prolonged standing tasks, the anti-fatigue mat can be taken to improve the prolonged standing fatigue breaks to bring the discomfort.

並列關鍵字

Prolonged standing ； Subjective rating ； Movement

參考文獻

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