傳統市場生物氣膠及其抗生素抗藥性分析

Evaluation of traditional market bioaerosol and antibiotic resistance

許雅真(Ya-Chen Hsu)

指導教授 ： 賴全裕

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/職業安全衛生學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/csmu202100286

摘要

環境中的空氣品質與人類健康相關，而傳統市場過度擁擠，潛在空氣中的細菌，也可能汙染生鮮蔬果、海鮮、肉類等，這些生物氣膠， 也可以經呼吸道而進入身體，長期暴露之下，對於傳統市場攤販人員、購物民眾造成潛在性健康危害。
本研究於台中市兩間傳統市場，在市場開市前、開市中、收市後，利用安德森六階衝擊器(Andersen six-stage impactor)進行生物氣膠採樣，採樣後之細菌以胰蛋白大豆瓊脂(Tryptone soy agar, TSA)培養基於攝氏37℃進行培養24-48小時，再計算生成菌落數，進行格蘭氏染色、純化、並以BD phoenix-100進行微生物鑑定和抗藥性分析評估。而真菌則以麥芽萃取物(Malt extract agar, MEA)培養基於攝氏25℃進行培養4天，並以真菌圖譜比對菌種及鑑定。
研究結果顯示，細菌以革蘭氏陽性菌為主，例如Staphylococcus spp.、Streptococcus spp.、Micrococcus spp.、Bacillus spp.、Aerococcus spp.、Enterococcus spp.，真菌的優勢菌種為Cladosporium、Penicillium、Trichophyton、Acremonium，在傳統市場A開市前、開市中、收市後，革蘭氏陽性菌對於抗生素Nitrofurantoin、Gentamicin抗藥性比例較高，在傳統市場B開市前、開市中、收市後，革蘭氏陽性菌對於抗生素Fusidic Acid、Gentamicin抗藥性比例較高，生物安全等級在冬季市場所採集到的菌種類別，RG1比例9%，RG2比例18%，春季市場所採集到的菌種類別，RG1比例23%，RG2比例31%，夏季市場所採集到的菌種類別，RG1比例33%，RG2比例25%。

關鍵字

傳統市場 ； 生物氣膠 ； 抗生素抗藥性

並列摘要

Air quality is related to human health in the environment.Traditional markets are overcrowded. Airborne bacteria may contaminate fresh vegetables, fruits, seafood, meat, etc. These bioaerosols can also enter the human body through the respiratory tract, It can induce health hazards to traditional market vendors and shoppers under long-term exposure.
In this study, bioaerosol sampling was conducted in two traditional markes in Taichung City before, and during the market opening and after market closing,using an Andersen six-stage impactor. Tryptone soy agar, TSA) was used to culture bacteria at 37°C for 24-48 hours, and then the generated colonies was counted, The culture bacteria were then evaluated by BD phoenix-100 for microbial identification and drug resistance analysis. The fungi were cultured with malt extract agar (MEA) at 25°C for 4 days, and the strains were compared and identified by the fungal pattern.
The research results show that the bacteria are mainly Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Aerococcus spp.,Enterococcus spp., and the dominant fungi are Cladosporium, Penicillium, Trichophyton, Acremonium.The antibiotic resistance of Gram-positive bacteria to the Nitrofurantoin, Gentamicin is relatively high before, and during market opening and market closing of traditional market A. The antibiotic resistance of the Gram-positive bacteria to the Fusidic Acid and Gentamicin is relatively high. For the types of bacteria collected in the winter market, the proportion of RG1 is 9%, and the proportion of RG2 is 18%. For the types of bacteria collected in the spring market, the proportion of RG1 is 23% and the proportion of RG2 is 31%. The proportion of bacteria collected in the summer market is 23%. For bacterial species, the proportion of RG1 is 33%, and the proportion of RG2 is 25%.

並列關鍵字

traditional market ； bioaerosol ； antibiotic-resistant

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