以親子共讀教學課程比較家長動詞使用對語法複雜度之影響

兒童的語法學習需要仰賴自然情境豐富的複雜句輸入。文獻指出，相較於動作動詞（Action Verb, AV），認知狀態動詞（Cognitive State Verb, CSV）較易結合補語子句使用，形成複雜句。另一方面，親子共讀被視為能有效促進兒童語言發展的重要活動之一。本研究探討透過六週的親子共讀教學課程，並結合CSV或AV使用於共讀活動中，能否提升家長及兒童的語句複雜度。本研究採非隨機實驗控制組前後測設計。受試者為13位4歲0個月至5歲11個月（4;11）及其家長，分配為CSV組及AV組。兩組兒童的生理年齡、非語言智力、標準化語言測驗分數接無顯著差異（p值均>.05）。介入活動為家長參與六週的親子共讀教學課程，每週一次，每次約60分鐘，以團體方式進行。家長與孩子每週使用指定繪本共讀三次，並搭配8個目標動詞（CSV或AV）使用。研究結果顯示，親子共讀時，無論使用CSV或AV為目標動詞，對於家長的MLU及動詞密度並無顯著提升。但兩組兒童在五週的介入後，動詞密度均顯著提升。本研究支持家長於親子共讀時，結合目標動詞的使用，有助於提升兒童的動詞密度。

關鍵字

親子共讀；繪本共讀；家長團體課程；語法習得

並列摘要

The acquisition of syntax in children depends on linguistic input children receive. Previous studied have showed that cognitive state verbs (CSV) were more likely to co-occur with complement clauses than action verbs(AV), which were more likely to occur in simple sentences. The present study was aimed to investigate whether parent-child shared book reading with the target verbs (CSV or AV) used would increase the use of complex sentences after a parent coaching program. Thirteen 4 to 5 years old children (Mean age 4;11) and their parents were assigned to CSV group and AV group in non-randomized control-group pretest-posttest design. The two groups of children were similar in their age, nonverbal IQ score and score of a standardized language test. (p>.05). Our 6-week parent coaching program included six group sessions, once a week, lasting approximately an hour. All parents were given a picture book weekly, and were instructed to share book reading with 8 target verbs (CSV or AV) three times per week to their children. Our results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups of parents’ MLU and verb density. However, verb density of children of two groups was improved in the 5th week into the intervention. We concluded that combination of target verb use and shared book reading could enhance verb density of children. Our findings suggested that increased complex syntax input was likely to improve children’s output, but long-term effects will require further examination.