聽損成人於安靜及背景噪音情境下聲調辨識表現之研究

華語的聲調具有辨義功能，如果辨識錯誤可能會導致溝通困難，特別在聆聽條件不佳之情境。依據ICF（International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health）分類系統，聲調辨識能力僅能了解身體功能和結構之受損狀況，以及個人在溝通活動中執行聲調聽覺辨識任務的能力，但卻無法真實反映出聽損者在日常生活中所遭遇到的參與阻礙，故本研究針對未符合聽覺機能障礙資格且雙耳配戴助聽器之聽損成人，探討聽損者在四種聆聽情境之聲調辨識表現及差異性，同時探究聲調辨識表現及背景變項與成人聽覺障礙量表之關聯性。研究結果顯示，聽損成人於不同聆聽情境下，聲調區別表現（χ2=3.75, p=.290>.05）及聽辨表現（χ2=3.96, p=.266>.05）並無顯著差異；但二、三聲之辨識最為困難（p<.05）。此外，成人聽覺障礙量表得分與配戴助聽器信噪比0 dB之聲調辨識能力（r=−.696; −.765, p<.05）以及年齡（r=−.661, p<.05）有顯著的相關性。本研究建議二聲、三聲之聽辨能力可作為聽損者聽覺復健之訓練重點，且配戴聽覺輔具有其必要性。

關鍵字

聽損成人；聲調辨識；噪音；成人聽覺障礙量表

並列摘要

Tone perception plays an important role in Mandarin speech recognition. Misidentification may lead to communication difficulties, especially in nonideal listening conditions. According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework, tone recognition only reflects the impairments of individual’s hearing function and structure, as well as the limitations of communication activities an individual may have in executing auditory perception, but the restrictions of participation a hearing-impaired individual may experience in life situations can not be truly shown. This study aimed to explore the tone recognition performance of adults with hearing loss in four situations, and to explore the relationship among tone recognition, background variables, and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA) scores. There were no significant differences in the results of tonal discrimination (χ2=3.75, p=.290 >.05) and identification (χ2=3.96, p=.266 >.05) across different situations. However, the identification tasks of the Tone 2 and Tone 3 were the most difficult ones(p<.05). HHIA scores were significantly correlated with the tone recognition ability of wearing hearing aids in signal-to-noise ratio 0 dB (r=−.696; r=−765, p<.05) and age (r=−.661, p<.05). This result suggests that identification of Tone 2 and Tone 3 should be emphasized in auditory rehabilitation for people with hearing loss, and it is necessary to wear hearing aids.