依附風格、情緒調節策略與憂鬱之關係

Relationships among attachment style ,emotion regulation,and depression

林宛萱(Wang-Hsuan Lin)

指導教授 ： 徐文鈺

中山醫學大學/醫學科技學院/心理學系暨臨床心理學碩士班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討依附風格、情緒調節策略與憂鬱之關係，Shaver 與 Mikulincer (2002) 根據情緒調節和依附系統功能的特性，發展出情緒調節策略模型，除了安全基地策略(security-based strategies)之外，不安全依附個體發展出來的次級依附策略(secondary attachment strategies)包含了過度活化(hyperactivating) 與過低活化(deactivating)兩種情緒調節策略，不同依附風格的個體可能採取不同的情緒調節策略。Wei等學者(2005)發現不安全的情緒調節策略可能導致負面情緒如憂鬱及人際問題的產生，惟目前仍缺乏獨立的情緒調節策略評量工具。本研究首先編制「依附取向的情緒調節策略量表」，測量上述兩種次級依附策略。根據過度活化與過低活化的原始概念性定義，編製量表進行專家效度、題項分析、因素結構分析、內部一致性信度分析，得到過度活化(5題)與過低活化(7題)兩個情緒策略分量表，並進行後續研究。以不安全依附風格為預測變項，負面情緒憂鬱症狀(depression)為效標變項，探討兩種情緒調節策略在其間所扮演的角色。以324位研究樣本，以「人際依附風格量表」、「依附取向情緒調節策略量表」以及「台灣憂鬱量表」為研究工具，進行資料蒐集與統計分析。研究結果：(1)不安全依附風格相較於安全依附，有較高的不安全情緒調節策略。(2)不安全依附風格相較於安全依附，有較高的憂鬱情緒。(3)依附風格與憂鬱的關係，會透過情緒調節策略中介的假設得到部分支持；焦慮的依附風格透過過度活化的情緒調節策略，而呈現較高的憂鬱症狀。研究結果支持了新編量表的信度與效度，也部分支持了依附系統情緒調節策略的理論模型。

關鍵字

不安全依附 ； 情緒調節策略 ； 過度活化 ； 過低活化 ； 憂鬱

並列摘要

This study was aimed to discuss the relationships among attachment style ,emotion regulation, and depression. Shaver and Mikulincer (2002) developed emotional regulation strategy model according to the characteristics of emotional regulation and attachment system function. In addition to security-based strategies , the secondary attachment strategies, which are developed by insecurely attached individuals, contain hyperactivating and deactivating emotional regulation strategies. Individuals with different attachment styles may adopt different emotional regulation strategies. Wei et al. (2005) found that insecure emotional regulation strategies could lead to negative emotions such as depression and interpersonal problems, but there is still a lack of independent emotional regulation strategies tool. Therefore, this study developed the "Attachment-focused Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale" to measure the above two secondary attachment strategies. This scale was made according to the original conceptual definition of hyperactivating and deactivating and analyzed with expert validity, item analysis, factor structure analysis, and internal consistency reliability analysis. The scale contained two emotional strategies subscale: hyperactivating (5items) and deactivating(7 items ). With the insecure style of attachment as the predictor, the negative emotional depression symptoms as the criterion variable, we discussed the mediating role of the two emotional regulation strategies. A total of 324 research samples were surveyed by using "Attachment Styles Inventory ", "Attachment-focused Emotional Regulation Strategies Scale" and "Taiwanese Depression Scale " as research tools. The results of the study indicated: (1)Compared with secure attachment style, insecure attachment style had a higher probability to use insecurityemotional regulation strategy. (2)Compared to secure attachment, insecure attachment style had a higher depressive mood. (3) The hypothesis “emotion regulation strategy was a mediator between attachment style and depression “was partially supported. Hyperactivating emotional regulation strategy mediated preoccupied attachment and depressive symptoms but deactivating emotional regulation strategy only partially mediated avoidance attachment and depressive symptoms . The results supported the reliability and validity of the new scale, and partially supported the theoretical model of the emotional regulation strategy of the attachment system.

並列關鍵字

insecure attachment ； emotion regulation strategy ； hyperactivating ； deactivating,depression.

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