配藥場所之粉塵採樣評估

Sampling Evaluation of Dust from Pharmacy Dispensing Environment

林沂儒(Yi-Ju Lin)

指導教授 ： 賴全裕

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/職業安全衛生學系/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/csmu202000240

摘要

本研究於小兒科診所、醫學中心藥局、化療製劑調配室以及中藥局，使用直讀式儀器DustTrakTM DRX進行PM1、PM2.5、可呼吸性粉塵、PM10和TPM的監測。再搭配廣用型空氣採樣幫浦，於配藥工作台周圍進行總粉塵與可呼吸性粉塵的定點採樣，另請值班藥師進行個人可呼吸性粉塵採樣。工作期間進行單日6小時以及累積採樣30小時。採樣後計算重量濃度，並將採樣濾紙進行金屬分析。
實驗結果顯示，診所測得濃度皆較醫院藥局及化療製劑調配室高，推測為診所的通風循環較差所致；而化療製劑調配室的濃度明顯較低，是因調配作業於生物安全櫃內進行所致。在中藥局的可呼吸性粉塵則略低，但有檢測到砷、鎘、銅、錳、鉛，其中銅、錳所含濃度較高，平均佔可呼吸性粉塵約1.58 %、0.46%。化療製劑調配室採樣曾檢測出具有危險性的鉑成分，佔該次環境總粉塵的1.16 %。雖然檢測的金屬濃度值均不高，但若長時間暴露下可能對健康會造成危害。統計結果顯示，僅DustTrakTM在四個採樣點測得濃度有顯著性差異。

關鍵字

藥物調配環境 ； 藥師 ； 可呼吸性粉塵 ； 金屬粉塵 ； 鉑

並列摘要

Recent rising of Taiwanese’s awareness of workplace environment safety and health, personnel in health care system has also been an important issue, However, there are few studies focus on pharmacists exposure to pharmaceutical dust in the workplace.

In this study, four sampling locations were selected, which were pediatric clinic, pharmacies in medical center, chemotherapy preparation room and Chinese medicine bureau. PM1, PM2.5, respirable dust, PM10 and total dust were monitored by DustTrakTM DRX. Combined with the general air sampling pump, fixed-point sampling of total dust and respirable dust was conducted. In addition, pharmacists were asked to conduct personal respirable dust sampling during their work time and is divided into 6 hours per day and 30 hours cumulative sampling. The sampling result would turn into weight concentration for further analysis, and the filter paper was also performed metal analysis.

The results showed the environmental dust concentration and personal respirable dust concentration measured in pediatric clinic was the highest, which presumably due to poor ventilation and circulation in clinic; the concentration of PM in chemotherapy preparation room was significantly lower, which was caused by the deployment operation in the biosafety cabinet; the respirable dust in the Chinese medicine pharmacy was lower, but arsenic, cadmium, copper, manganese and lead were all detected, among which the concentration of copper and manganese were higher, accounting for about 1.58% and 0.46% of respirable dust. The toxic platinum component was detected once in the sampling of a chemotherapy preparation room, accounting for 1.16% of the total dust. Although the detected metal concentration values were not high, it might be harmful to health if exposed for a long time.

Statistical results showed there were significant difference in the concentration of DustTrakTM at four sampling points (P<0.05). Further analysis by Scheffe method showed that the concentration has low significant differences between the results of the pediatric clinic and the chemotherapy preparation room.

並列關鍵字

dispensing place ； pharmacist ； respirable dust ； metal dust ； platinum

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