都會及內陸地區在冬季與夏季逐時氣膠化學組成的探討

Investigation of hourly aerosol chemical compositions at urban and rural areas in winter and summer

莊雅雱(Ya-Pang Jhuang)

指導教授 ： 張士昱

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/公共衛生學系/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU201900225

摘要

氣膠化學成分的時空分佈特徵隨粒徑、污染源、大氣化學反應及氣候條件而異，且氣膠在環境和人體健康中扮演重要角色。由於台灣中部受到季風與地形複雜的相互作用，傳統的測量方法並不足以識別都會地區的污染物對內陸地區的影響。本篇在中山醫學大學(都會站)及竹山高級中學(內陸站)使用新式現址空氣成分採樣設備(Air Composition Equipment-In-situ 2100, ACME In-situ 2100)量測PM10和PM2.5的逐時氣膠化學組成。從2016 – 2018研究結果指出，Na+質量百分比組成最大值往往伴隨當日最高風速發生。冬季滯留期間，在海鹽傳輸的過程中，因為氯損失的影響，內陸的Cl-/Na+會小於都會地區。然而，在傳輸型天氣形態下，因受到當地污染的影響，導致內陸的氯損失減少，因此內陸Cl-/Na+大於1.8。都會地區的SOR較內陸高，NOR則是以內陸較高，顯示都會的污染物會經海風傳輸至內陸地區。

關鍵字

水溶性離子 ； 海鹽 ； 氧化劑 ； 硫轉化率 ； 氮轉化率

並列摘要

The temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of aerosol chemical compositions, varied with the particle size, pollutant source, atmosphere chemical reaction and weather condition, played an important role on air quality and human health. Due to the complex interaction between the monsoon and terrain in the central Taiwan, the traditional batch measurements were insufficient to identify and investigate the influence of ambient pollutant from the megacity city to the rural area. In this study, the hourly measurements of inorganic soluble ions in PM10 and PM2.5 were measured by ACMEIn-situ 2100 (Air Composition Measurement Equiment In-situ 2100) at Chung Shan Medical University (urban site) and Chushan Senior High School (rural site). The primary results in summer and winter from 2016 to 2018 indicated that the maximum mass fraction of Na+ was usually observed with the daily maximum wind speed during the sea wind period. Due to the chloride depletion, the Cl-/Na+ ratio was lower in the rural site than in the urban site in the winter stagnant atmosphere。However, the local pollutants were replaced by long-range transported pollutants in the winter transportation atmosphere. The influence of the chloride depletion was decreased, which caused the Cl-/Na+ ratio > 1.8 in the rural site. The variations of SOR and NOR also indicated that sulfate oxidation rate was higher in the urban site than in the rural site, however, the nitrate oxidation rate was lower in the urban site than in the rural site. The pollutants could be transported from the urban upwind site to the rural downwind site through sea wind.

並列關鍵字

water-soluble ions ； sea salt ； oxidant ； SOR ； NOR

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