台灣老人之居住安排變遷及其居住安排變動之相關影響因素

Changes of living arrangement of elderly people in Taiwan and its related factors of the changes in living arrangements

李貞儀(Chen-Yi Li)

指導教授 ： 葉志嶸

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/公共衛生學系碩士班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

目的：確定台灣中老年人居住安排變動的相關因素，特別是社會支持。

方法：使用臺灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查(TLSA)數據，參與者是1996年50歲以上的人，在2003年和2007年進行追蹤。社會支持分為情感性和工具性支持。4種居住安排類型為獨居、與配偶居住、與家人居住、其他居住。使用SAS統計軟體9.4版，以邏輯氏迴歸分析1996~2003年和2003~2007年居住安排轉換的決定因素。

結果：工具性支持愈高者，居住安排變動的可能性較低，於中老年人1996-2003年OR為0.85，和2003-2007年OR為0.85，於中老年女性1996-2003年OR為0.83，和2003-2007年OR為0.80。1996年和2003年與家人居住者，其工具性支持愈高，使其2003年和2007年降低轉換為獨居的可能性(OR=0.62；OR=0.67)。2003-2007年，中老年男性，其情感性支持愈高，使其增加居住安排變動的可能性(OR=1.11)。原2003年獨居者，其情感性支持愈高，使其2007年增加轉換為與家人居住的可能性(OR=1.31)。

結論：具有較高之工具性支持的中老年人，有較低的機率會進行居住安排變動，而有較高的機率維持在原先之居住安排，特別是與家人居住者。2003年獨居之男性，越高的情緒性支持，使其2007年有較高機率轉換為與家人居住。

關鍵字

老人 ； 居住安排轉換 ； 社會支持

並列摘要

Study aims: To determine the related factors of the changes in the living arrangements for the middle and old aged people in Taiwan, especially social support.

Methods: Using Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging(TLSA) survey data, participants aged over 50 years old in year 1996 were included in this study, and followed up in 2003 and 2007. Social support was classified as emotional and instrumental support. Four types of living arrangements were classified, including living alone, living with spouse, living with family, and living with others. SAS statistical software, version 9.4, and logistic regression analysis were applied to analyze the determinants of living arrangement transitions in 1996~2003 and 2003~2007.

Results: Those who with higher instrumental supports will lower the likelihood of living arrangement transition, in middle and old age people, Odds Ratios (ORs) were 0.85 in 1996-2003 and 0.85 in 2003-2007, in middle and old age women, Odds Ratios (ORs) were 0.83 in 1996-2003 and 0.80 in 2003-2007. Those who living with family in 1996 and in 2003, the relationship between instrumental support and living arrangement transitions, the ORs to transit to living alone, were OR=0.62 in 1996-2003 and OR=0.67 in 2003-2007. Male with higher emotional supports, the likelihood of living arrangement transition was elevated, the OR was 1.11 in 2003-2007. Those who living alone in 2003, the relationship between emotional support and living arrangement transition, the OR to transit to living with family was 1.31.

Conclusions: Those who with higher instrumental supports were with lower probability to transit their living arrangements and stay in their original living arrangements, especially those who living with family. Those who living alone in 2003, the likelihood to transit to living with family in 2007 was elevated when they got more emotional supports.

並列關鍵字

elderly ； living arrangement transition ； social support

參考文獻

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