細菌耐藥性：機制，檢測和預防

Bacterial drug-resistances: Mechanisms, Detection, and Preventions

劉曉澄(Hio-Cheng Lau)

指導教授 ： 蔡淦仁

共同指導教授 ： 葉千紅(Qian-Hong Ye)

中山醫學大學/醫學科技學院/醫學檢驗暨生物技術學系/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/csmu202000290

摘要

細菌耐藥性是目前正威脅著人類生命的一大難題，自人們開始研究細菌耐藥性機制，便發現細菌有天然耐藥性，也有互相轉移耐藥基因的特性，多變的耐藥機制使細菌耐藥性成為難以根治的問題；最新的檢測方法皆以準確、快速、高通量和低成本為研發條件，以滿足臨床緊急案例的需要；近年，人們意識到不能單靠抗生素解決細菌耐藥性問題，及現時沒有把問題完全消滅的方法，因此研發抗生素、檢測及治療方法、和預防方法是勢在必行的。本文希望透過回顧的方式探討耐藥機制、介紹實驗室常用的檢測方法及新興的技術及提供世界衛生組織控制細菌耐藥性的計劃，有望未來可以戰勝這難題。

關鍵字

細菌耐藥性 ； 抗生素 ； 耐藥機制 ； 耐藥性檢測 ； 感染控制 ； 預防感染

並列摘要

Bacterial resistance is a major problem that is threatening human life. Since people began to study the mechanism of bacterial resistance, it has been found that bacteria have natural resistance, and have the characteristics of transfer resistance genes to each other; variety of drug resistance mechanisms make bacterial resistance become a problem that is difficult to cure. The latest detection methods have developed on accuracy, rapidity, high throughput and low-cost to satisfy the needs of clinical emergency cases. In recent years, people have realized that antibiotic resistance cannot be solved by antibiotics alone, and there is now no way to end the problem completely. Therefore, it is imperative to develop antibiotics, detection and treatment methods, and prevention methods. This article hopes to explore the mechanism of drug resistance by literature review, introduce the commonly used testing methods and emerging technologies in the laboratory, and offer the World Health Organization's plan to control bacterial resistance, expected the problem will overcome in the future.

並列關鍵字

antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ； antibiotic ； drug resistance mechanism ； drug resistance test ； infection control ； infection prevention

參考文獻

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