應用於硬骨修復之鈦金屬表面處理: 操作參數對表面型態與生物活性的影響

Effect of operating variables on the surface morphology and bioactivity of anodized titanium in bone repair

黃欽(Chin Huang)

指導教授 ： 燕敏 ； 湯正明

中山醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔材料科學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6834/CSMU.2011.00176

摘要

鈦金屬是一種具有良好強度/重量比及高生物相容性的金屬。將鈦金屬氧化成二氧化鈦被應用在眾多的領域中，如光觸媒、染料敏化電池、防曬乳液、骨修復材料，(如人工植體、修復骨釘、人工髖關節)。都要鈦的高機械強度與二氧化鈦層的生物相容性這兩大性質的合併，二氧化鈦的表面結構對硬骨細胞的成長有著極大的影響。本研究將鈦金屬表面以陽極氧化方法進行處理，藉由控制電壓/電流、溫度、時間以及電解液濃度，使鈦金屬表面生成具有不同形貌之二氧化鈦層，藉由此方法來找尋出具高度生物相容性的表面結構來應用在骨修復材料上，以增強手術後的回復能力。在實驗研究中發現有幾組參數下有特別的結構產生，在調整電壓與溫度雙參數(30伏特/55℃)條件下、產生了長纖維狀的組織，且每一根纖維的表面都有米粒形狀大小約20~30 nm的結晶，而在10伏特/55℃的條件下，二氧化鈦表面呈現類似骨組織的截面結構。在電壓上升與陽極氧化時間下降的雙參數操作下，二氧化鈦表面會從金紅石相漸漸轉變成銳鈦礦相。陽極氧化時間的延長會導致金紅石相的生成且銳鈦礦相結晶方相也會跟著改變。在電解液濃度下降與陽極氧化時間提升的雙參數操作下，二氧化鈦表面的腐蝕程度會相當不均勻且會產生細長型的裂縫，表面的顆粒變得非常細小。
處理後的試片是否能誘導硬骨細胞在其表面上貼附得更好，將試片浸泡於模擬體液後(1、3、7天)，以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察表面氫氧基磷灰石生成的變化以及覆蓋情形，樣本T2、T8、T33、T34、T36在浸泡1天後就有明顯的氫氧基磷灰石覆蓋情形，在浸泡7天後樣本T34及T36表面的氫氧基磷灰石生成非常致密，並擁有較高的鈣磷比。

關鍵字

陽極氧化 ； 人體模擬體液 ； 掃描式電子顯微鏡 ； 二氧化鈦

並列摘要

Titanium is a good strength / weight ratio and high biocompatibility of the metal. Via electrochemical process method, we can transform the titanium surface to a layer of titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide is used in many fields, such as photocatalyst, dye-sensitized cells, sunscreen, biocompatible materials, bone repair materials, etc. In Bone repair materials, such as dental implants, the screws of bone repair , artificial hip joint, etc., need titanium / titanium dioxide, this kind of composite material, the main reason is to merger the high mechanical strength of titanium and the bio-compatible of titanium dioxide layer, especially in modification of titanium dioxide, due to the different surface structures on the hard bone growth and bone regeneration has a great influence. In this study, titanium metal surface by anodic oxidation approach, by controlling the voltage, current, temperature, time and electrolyte concentration, made the titanium surface of the titanium dioxide layer become different morphologies. Seeking different morphologies of topography to create a highly biocompatible surface structure used in bone repair materials, it cause the patient after surgery to enhance response capabilities, especially because some of the poor or congenital bone disease osteoporosis, so the surface of bone repair material modification is a necessary process. In the experimental study found that several groups of parameters have a special structure: at 30V/55 ℃ conditions, resulting in long fibrous tissue, every fiber has a size of about 20 ~ 30nm crystalline. In addition, under the conditions at 10V/55 ℃, titanium dioxide surfaces showed similar cross-section of bone tissue structure, and a very high proportion of titanium dioxide crystals. In order to understand whether the treated specimen can induce bony cells attached on the surface better, the specimen after immersion in simulated body fluid (1.3.7 days), in the result of scanning electron microscopy image we can find hydroxyapatite generation, changes and coverage situations. In the field of titanium dioxide research, there is no one studies the temperature of the anodizing electrolyte; one of the basic physical parameters and has great influence, this experiment also found that when the electrolyte temperature rises can effectively improve the surface structure of titanium dioxide more complex and new crystal has generation.

並列關鍵字

Anodic oxidation ； simulated body fluid ； scanning electron microscope ； titanium dioxide

參考文獻

[3] Thomas J. Webster. The relationship between the nanostructure of titanium surfaces and bacterial attachment. Biomaterials 31 (2010) 706–713

[4] Jiaguo Yu, Bo wang. Effect of calcinations temperature on morphology and photoelectrochemical. Applied catalysis B:Environmental 94 (2010)295-302

[5] Patrik Schmuki Conductivity of TiO2 nanotubes: Influence of annealing time and temperature. Chemical Physics Letters xxx (2010) xxx–xxx

[6] Jiaojiao Gong. Electrochemically multi-anodized TiO2 nanotube arrays for enhancing hydrogen generation by photoelectrocatalytic water splitting.GModel EA-15637; No. of Pages7.

[7] Horng-Yi Chang , Wei-Jei Tzeng , Syh-Yuh Cheng . Modification of TiO2 nanotube arrays by solution coating. Solid State Ionics 180 (2009) 817–821