中國大陸學術不端個案研究：批判理論與後殖民理論視角

Case Studies of Academic Dishonesty in Mainland China from A Critical Theory and Post-colonial Perspective

馬冀(Ma Ji)

指導教授 ： 周祝瑛

國立政治大學/教育學院/教育學系/博士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6814/DIS.NCCU.EDU.004.2019.F02

摘要

进入21世纪以来，高等教育全球化的激烈竞争以及受到新自由主义、新管理主义和学术资本主义的一系列影响，学术环境发生了变化。重视绩效，量化的评价方式，重视核心期刊，给科学研究者造成了巨大的发表压力。加上学术道德、教育管理体制等原因造成了国际上学术不端频繁发生的现状。本研究旨在综合展示和讨论国际上与中国大陆对学术不端的定义和处理方法，结合个案，透过批判理论和后殖民理论的视角，分析中国大陆学术不端的成因和防治路径，对现有制度进行反思，寻求改善的方案，为学术不端的防治提供建议。为此，本研究使用文献分析法和案例研究法来进行探讨。本研究除了收集了学术界和国际上官方对于学术不端定义及处理方法的叙述进行讨论和比较外，还详细记录了两次发生在中国大陆的真实学术不端事件，讨论了个案中学术不端的特征。本研究结合了批判理论和后殖民理论，对于中国大陆学术不端发生的原因和防治思路进行了深层的分析和讨论，指出工具理性，学术殖民主义以及学术资本主义，是造成学术不端的重要原因，并指出个案中中国大陆学术不端的其他原因，据此提出防治的思路。本研究最后对官方学术不端教育预防制度进行反思，对中国大陆建立具体的防治学术不端的体系提出了建议，通过完善定义、建立黑名单制度、优化高教政策等来加强学术不端的防治工作。

關鍵字

學術不端 ； 中國大陸 ； 批判理論 ； 后殖民理論 ； 個案研究

並列摘要

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the academic environment has changed due to the increasing competition in the globalization of higher education and a series of influences of neoliberalism, new managerialism and academic capitalism. It put great pressure on scientific researchers that the evaluation is quantified as well as performance and core journals are valued. In addition, academic ethics, educational management system and other reasons lead to the frequent occurrence of international academic dishonesty. This study aims to comprehensively demonstrate and discuss the definition and solutions of academic dishonesty existing in the international community and mainland China. By combining individual cases, the causes and prevention of academic dishonesty in mainland China are analyzed from the perspective of critical theory and post-colonial theory. In this way, it can reflect on the existing system, seek for improvement methods and provide suggestions for the prevention and solutions of academic dishonesty. Based on this objective, the literature analysis and case study were used in this study. First of all, in addition to the discussion and comparison of definitions and solutions of academic dishonesty in academia and international authorities, this study also elaborately recorded two real incidents of academic dishonesty in mainland China, and discussed the characteristics of academic dishonesty in individual cases. Then, this study combined the critical theory and the post-colonial theory to deeply analyze and discuss the causes and prevention of academic dishonesty in mainland China. The analysis pointed out that instrumental rationality, academic colonialism and academic capitalism are the important causes of academic dishonesty. It also summarized the other causes of academic dishonesty in mainland China and put forward the methods of prevention and solutions. Finally, this study reflected on the official educational prevention system of academic dishonesty, and put forward suggestions on the establishment of specific prevention and control system of academic dishonesty in mainland China, so as to strengthen the prevention and control of academic dishonesty by perfecting the definition, establishing the blacklist system, and optimizing the higher education policy.

並列關鍵字

Academic dishonesty ； Mainland China ； Critical theory ； Post-colonial theory ； Case study

參考文獻

參考文獻

壹、中文

王立欣（2007）。當好學術“守門人”──論學報編輯在防範學術論文抄襲剽竊中的作為。編輯學報，19（2），139-140。

王淑貞, 曹維亞, & 鎖嘉. (1994). 理工科院校應重視人文科學教育. 黑龍江高教研究(4), 43-44。

王充閭 (2011)。 重視人文科學. 遼寧人大，(12), 48-48。