《華視新聞雜誌》內容分析1996-2016：公共化前後之比較

2006年華視從商業電視台轉變為公共化電視台，本研究係探討華視在公共化前後十年間，《華視新聞雜誌》內容的變化，以之檢視公共化政策對電視內容產製之影響。「公共化」不但是電視台所有權的變更，更是媒體經營哲學的崇高想像，本研究即試圖瞭解「公共化」是否導致華視節目內容的改變，研究對象為《華視新聞雜誌》，分析構面為「新聞結構」、「新聞價值」、「新聞內容」和「公共利益」；研究方法為內容分析法（content analysis），取樣期間為公共化前與後各 10 年，即 1996-2016 年，分析單位為一個播出單元，共分析160個單元。本研究從四大構面，分別建構分析類目（categories）與測量標尺（measurement scale），以之逐一分析受測樣本。為探討內容分析結果的成因，本研究輔以深度訪談法（in-depth interview），訪談對象為《華視新聞雜誌》節目製作人。研究結果發現電視台所有權前與後，與製播內容變化大部分沒有顯著的差異，也就是媒體所有權（公共化）的改變，與內容呈現沒有關係。媒體人員的專業素養以及社會變遷方是內容呈現的關鍵因素，《華視新聞雜誌》內容素材取捨，取決於製作人和團隊對社會議題的反應；此外，台灣社會民主化在地化氛圍的改變，以及高鐵通車擴增新聞事件取材縱深，則是社會變遷的影響。換言之，媒體人員的專業素養與社會變遷，方是主導節目良窳的主要因素，商業電視台所有權的更迭導致「公共化」，認為其對節目的影響或許只是美麗的想像與神話。

關鍵字

華視；公共媒體；媒體所有權；電視新聞；內容分析

並列摘要

Chinese Television System Inc. [CTS] has transformed from a commercial television into a public commercial television since the Divestment of Shares in Terrestrial Television Act put into practice on 2006. In order to examine impacts of the public commercial broadcasting policy, the study compares CTS News Megazine in 10 years before and after 2006. The idea of public commercial broadcasting not only means a shift between different media ownership, but the idea also represents an ideal broadcasting model. As a result, the study focuses on whether CTS broadcasts differ due to the public commercial broadcasting policy. The study uses content analysis as research methodology and analyzes CTS News Megazine in terms of news structure, news value, news content and public interest.The study in total analyzes 160 units of CTS News Megazine. To inspect the recults of content analysis, the study adds in-depth interview, interviewing the producer of CTS News Megazine. The study discovers that the CTS News Megazine broadcasts insignificantly change after CTS ownership converts into the public commercial television. In other words, changing media ownership has little to do with television broadcasts. It is journalists’ professional experience and social change that influence the quality of broadcasts. The benefits of chaing a commercial television into a public commercial television might be an image.