金磚國家與上海合作組織對中印關係之影響

The Impact of the BRICS and SCO on Sino-Indian Relations

唐霓(Marie Tartinville)

指導教授 ： 林永芳

國立政治大學/國際事務學院/國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6814/THE.NCCU.IMPIS.001.2018.A06

摘要

本篇碩士論文透過新自由制度主義的觀點探討中印之間的關係。更準確地說， 儘管自 1990年代以來，中國與印度的經濟交流不斷增加，中國和印度之間仍實際存在 著經濟和政治緊張局勢，作者試圖探討此一現象。事實上，長期存在的領土糾紛和貿 易不平衡導致保護主義行為（以印度工業為例）以及兩國邊界頻繁的軍事行動。作者 認為透過國際組織進行多方的爭端管理可以改善中印關係。根據新自由制度主義，國 際組織確實在國際關係中擔任衝突管理者的角色。因此，作者選擇分析金磚國家和上 海合作組織作為中印之衝突管理者的案例。由於金磚國家的機構級別低下，而且在糾 紛管理方面缺乏經驗，看起來金磚五國對其關係的影響有限。相反地，由於以往在穩 定中亞局勢的經驗，上海合作組織似乎在中印的領土爭端方面提供了更重要的視角。 然而，這兩個國際組織仍有進步空間，才能在未來穩定中印關係方面發揮作用。作者 建議金磚國家建立一個以成員國經濟相互依存為重點的委員會，並負責開展可行性研 究以解決不平衡的貿易問題。上海合作組織應該制定領土爭端解決的官方程序，以作 為協議平台。因此，分析過後，作者認為，由於金磚國家、上海合作組織等國際組織 的共同努力，有助於中印雙方更進一步的合作與信任，未來中印關係得以改善。

關鍵字

金磚國家 ； 上海合作組織 ； 中國 ； 印度

並列摘要

This Master Thesis explores Sino-Indian relations through the Neoliberal Institutionalist theory. More precisely, the author is trying to respond to the actual economic and political tensions remaining between China and India despite a growing economic interaction since the 1990’s. In fact, long-standing territorial disputes and unbalanced trade leads to protectionist behavior (in the case of the Indian Industry) and to frequent military actions at borders between the two countries. The author argues that dispute management on a multilateral level through International Organization could improve Sino-Indian Relations. Indeed International Organizations, according to the Neoliberal Institutionalist Theory, play a role in IR as conflict manager. As such, the author chose to analyze the case of the BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as conflict manager between China and India. As a result, it appears that the BRICS have a limited impact on their relationship due to its low level of institutions and its lack of experiences in dispute management. On the contrary, the SCO seems to offer a greater perspective in terms of territorial dispute settlements thanks to its former experiences in stabilizing Central Asia. However, both organizations need to be improved in order to play a role in stabilizing Sino-Indian relations in the future. The author suggests that the BRICS establishes a commission focused on member state economic interdependence and lead feasibility studies to address unbalanced trade. The SCO should elaborate an official process for territorial dispute settlement in order to serve as an agreement platform. Therefore, after analysis, the author thinks Sino-Indian relations could be improved in the future thanks to International Organizations such as the BRICS and the SCO which could contribute to better bilateral cooperation and trust building.

並列關鍵字

BRICS ； Shanghai cooperation organization ； China ； India

參考文獻

English Language sources:

French language sources: Cabestan, Jean-Pierre (2015) « La politique internationale de la Chine. Entre intégration et volonté de puissance » Sciences Po, checked on 3/11/2018.

Russian language sources: Tolipov, Farkhad (2004): “K voprosu o samostoyatel’noi roli organizatsii tsentral’noaziatskogo sotrudnichestva v ramkakh ShOS.” In Tsentral’naya Aziya i Kavkaz 33 (3). Cited in “The Shanghai Cooperation Organization” by Aris Stephen (2011)