太陽能發電中的土地長期租賃權整合：地主決策與土地利用

土地供給面向往往是傳統土地理論中被忽視的區塊，臺灣相關研究亦十分少見。然而，忽略土地供給面向的探討並無法提升對於土地市場現況的解釋與了解，土地供給者——也就是「地主」本身對於土地市場的影響應相當於土地市場的需求者。因此，本研究期望加入地主的角色，以太陽能發電中的土地長期租賃權整合為例，探討地主在土地市場上所扮演的角色，並對於臺灣的地主領域研究進行補充。透過文獻回顧了解國外地主特徵文章的研究設計與臺灣在此領域的缺乏，同時，爬梳臺灣太陽能政策的發展脈絡，並深入探究在此政策框架下，太陽能業者與地主間的實際互動情況。本研究以邏輯特模型為研究方法，證明了在是否將土地長期出租給予太陽能業者架設太陽能發電板的地主決策中，除了土地座落位置、土地面積、土地使用分區以及土地價值等土地特徵以外，地主的產權持有方式以及地主的出生或居住地等地主特徵，皆對於其有顯著影響。這些變數的影響更從當地地主的訪談記錄中獲得印證：考慮出租或是不考慮出租地地主們，考量因素除了太陽能政策面向，幾乎可以分為土地面向以及地主及關係人面向兩類。在地主及關係人面向中，可見產權複雜度、政府優惠補貼及其親友或臨地地主等，此類與地主自身相關的因素對於地主決策的影響，亦得作為未來地主特徵研究的變數設定參考。本研究透過文獻回顧以及實證結果分析，一再印證了地主對於土地市場的顯著影響，在加入了地主特徵之後，都能顯見其增進了對於土地現況的解釋，更確立了地主行為所能發揮的影響力。

關鍵字

太陽能政策；地主行為；地主特徵；邏輯特模型

並列摘要

Land supply is often a neglected aspect of the conventional theory of land market. In particular, relevant research is rare seen in Taiwan. Moreover, neglecting discussion of land supply further hinders the understanding of the land market. The impact of land suppliers, or landlord themselves on the land market should be equally treated as the land demanders. Therefore, this study examines the role of landlords in the process of land assembly in the context of a long-term leasehold for installation of solar panels. This study employs the logit regression model to examine the influence of the landowners’ decision regarding whether to lease their parcels of land to the solar energy industry to set up solar panels. The result shows that in addition to the land characteristics; for example location, size, zoning and value, landowners’ characteristics such as ownership of the land and the landowner's place of birth or residence are also significant determinants. The impact of these identified variables is further confirmed by the record of interviews with local landowners. The differing considerations between two groups of landowners who are considering renting out and refusing to rent out can be categorized into land-oriented and owner-oriented factors alongside with solar energy policies. As for as the landowner-oriented factors are concerned, the complexity of property rights, government subsidies, attitudes of relatives or friends and neighboring landowners, among others, all affect the landlord's decision-making. The identified owner-related characters shall be further investigated in the future research. It is believed that the literature review and empirical results presented in this study have demonstrated the significance of landowners’ decision-making. Only through incorporation of the owner-related factors will land supply be fuller understood.