實踐與挑戰 : 台灣在亞太地區的政府開發援助

The implementation and challenge: Taiwan’s official development assistance to the Asia-Pacific region

李旻臻(Lee Min-Chen)

指導教授 ： 李栢浡

國立政治大學/國際事務學院/國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6814/NCCU201901303

摘要

本文旨在解析並闡明中華民國（台灣）於亞洲及太平洋地區的政府開發援助之方式與成果比較，並從實證經驗與案例中歸納出台灣政府開發援助的基本理論體系，進而解構台灣政府開發援助之獨特性，藉由政府開發援助現狀之分析、援外政策之檢討以及執行層面的改善，進一步探討台灣的國際合作及區域安全。研究方法為先定義何謂政府開發援助，其次界定研究對象與範圍（東南亞地區與太平洋地區的國家），再依照台灣政府開發援助之不同性質分為兩大主軸。分別為：一、以「國際合作發展基金會」為主的技術協助及能力建構援助，二、以「行政院經貿談判辦公室」為主的投資、貸款、利息補貼援助。其藉由深入訪談兩位國際合作發展基金會的技術官員、三位國際關係與國際援助的學者、兩位行政院經貿談判辦公室的談判代表、一位中華民國外交部官員、一位海外投資開發公司代表以及一位中華民國國家安全局官員，以實證經驗與案例分析台灣政府開發援助的政策與執行，以及分析檢討援外政策的執行模式與探究其特殊性，分點說出結果以及研究發現：政府同時以這兩大援外主軸分別專責發展「能力建構」、「技術援助」、「呼應聯合國千禧年發展目標及建置ODA統計資料庫」與「政府利息補貼」、「建立政府主導的海外公共工程延攬機制」以此互補互助，並再以是否為邦交國分類進而判定相關主責單位。最後探討台灣於亞太地區的的國際參與及區域安全，與其政府開發援助之關聯及影響，並給予建議：政府應建置「為執行政策目標所設立的金融機構」、設置民間部門投資融資中心以爭取第三國合作案件、以及將現行的執行計劃放寬條件，除水利、供電、道路等硬體的實質基礎建設，亦可考慮醫療衛生等社會性基礎設施。

關鍵字

政府開發援助 ； 國際援助合作 ； 新南向政策 ； 區域安全

並列摘要

This research aims at providing objective analysis and comparison of Official Development Assistance (ODA) models of the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the Asia-Pacific region. The thesis tries to build a theoretical framework on Taiwan’s ODA by examining empirical evidence and case studies to shed light on the perspective and possible improvement of Taiwan’s ODA. Through deliberating and summing up targets of Taiwan’s ODA policy, the author analyzes related international cooperation and regional security. This paper defines ODA in the very beginning, followed by framing the research target into two groups— Southeast Asia counties and Pacific countries. Then the author builds a framework based on two distinctive ODA’s characteristics. First, technical assistance and capacity-building assistance, which are related to the Taiwan International Cooperation and Development Fund (TaiwanICDF). Second, investment, loans, and interest subsidy assistance, which are related to the Office of Trade Negotiations (OTN) under the Executive Yuan (the Cabinet). By interviewing ten stakeholders — two TaiwanICDF officials, three scholars in international relation and ODA, two trade representatives of the Office of Trade Negotiations, one official from Ministry of Foreign Affairs, one representative from overseas investment and development cooperation, and one official from the National Security Bureau — the author indicates the challenges of Taiwan’s ODA policy and improvement of execution capability while concludes with Taiwan’s government carried out its ODA projects through two framework: financing facility by OTN and technical assistance by TaiwanICDF. The government has two roles in the ODA program, to review and approve the proposed infrastructure plan and subsidize the interest on the loans disbursed. In addition, it is suggested that the government should establish a suitable policy-based financial institution and initiate a state government level of ODA, which takes social infrastructure like sanitary and medical services into concern.

並列關鍵字

Official development Assistance (ODA) ； International aid ； he New Southbound Policy ； Regional security ； a Free and Open Indo-Pacific Strategy

參考文獻

American Institute in Taiwan, “Global Cooperation and Training Framework (GCTF),” webpage, undated(a).

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