在社會環境不斷的變遷下,公、私部門都要面對更加複雜、繁重的工作,然而,我國民眾一直存有公部門工作輕鬆的刻板印象,其看法與現職公務人員所體會到的公部門職場有很大的落差,面對民眾的不諒解,公務人員也有苦難言。近年來,各部門之間的人才流動越發頻繁,擁有部門轉換經驗的工作者數量越來越多,也為上述問題開啟了一扇希望之窗,讓民眾有機會了解公部門的職場環境。故本研究希望透過量化研究的方式呈現公務人員與一般民眾之間的看法差異,並經由文獻與資料分析臺灣民眾對公部門刻板印象的嚴重程度,最後再透過有部門轉換經驗的公務人員,客觀的呈現其所體會到的真實公部門職場環境,藉以消弭民眾對公部門的誤解,也讓民眾能更加了解公務職場。 本研究的分析資料來源為2019年第五期「台灣文官調查」,主要研究對象為我國現職公務人員與一般民眾,有效樣本分別為766與1068份。研究結果發現,公務人員與一般民眾會因為身分的不同,對雙方工作的認知也會不同。此外,本研究也發現那些同時有公私部門工作經驗的公務人員,對公部門的看法也與一般民眾不同,能夠較為中立與客觀地反映公部門的工作環境。本研究依據上述研究結果進行討論並提供政策建議。
In an ongoing changing environment, both public and private sectors are facing more complicated challenges and arduous tasks. However, the general public in Taiwan tend to share a stereotype that working in the public sector is easy, which is very different from the perspective of the civil servants who have personal experience in the public sector. Given people’s incomprehension and misunderstanding about the public sector, civil servants sometimes need to deal with their difficulty and suffering on their own. Fortunately, sector-switchers, in recent years, serve as a channel for the general public to understand the public sector. Therefore, this study aims to present the different opinion between civil servants and the people through quantitative research, analyzing the severity of Taiwanese people’s stereotypes of the public sector through literature and data. Finally, through civil servants with sector switching experience, they can objectively present the real public sector workplace environment to eliminate misunderstandings about the public sector and also allow the people to better understand the public sector workplace. This study uses data from the “2019 Taiwan Government Bureaucracy Survey-V”. Subjects of this study include incumbent civil servants (766 responses) and the general public (1,068 responses). After analyzing the data, we found that civil servants and the public hold quite different perceptions about the working environments in the public and private sectors. In addition, we found that civil servants with both public and private sector work experience hold different opinions from the public; they are be able to present the actual situation in the public sector neutrally and objectively. Implications and policy suggestions are discussed.