在中國,自1980年代後,設立各式開發區是一個常見的區域導向型政策,開發區依照種類區分為經濟技術開發區、高新技術開發區、海關特殊監管區域等等,依照核准單位分為國家級開發區以及省級開發區。其中,國家級高新技術產業開發區的設立旨在促進當地的高新技術產業的研發,但在資源有限的情況下,未妥善考慮資源配置而廣設開發區的實際效果卻可能不如預期。因此,本研究以中國2010年核准設立的27個國家級高新技術產業開發區為對象,以行政區層級 (鄉級行政區以及縣級行政區) 為單位,使用雙重差分法分析國家級高新技術產業開發區的設立對於當地產業研發的影響。 研究結果顯示,國家級高新技術產業開發區的設立對於產業研發的效果,在發展表現上 (全要素生產率),不論以鄉級行政區或縣級行政區為單位衡量都有負面的效果。在研究表現上 (專利),以縣級行政區為單位衡量,在專利申請數量上有正面的效果,但在專利申請質量上則沒有顯著的效果。
Researches have long investigated whether the construction of science park would be instrumental to the innovation evolution belong to an growing economy. In this vein, China has been argued by its development orientation to set up many Special Economic Zone (SEZ) inclusive of National High-tech Industrial Zones (NHIZs) , also known as science parks. This thesis; thus, utilize micro-level dataset of 27 Chinese science parks constructed in 2010. The results show that the science parks set up in 2010 have both inferior effects to promote the domestic innovation activities and development level. Reveled by the local innovation in terms of patent applications as well as the local total factor productivity (TFP), science parks have yielded nonsignificant relevance in promoting both innovation and development index. The later constructed science parks in 2010 are concluded to have marginal effects on local development.