In the thesis, we study the optical network monitoring system based on fiber ring laser. We propose monitoring system with fiber ring laser. The experiment was divided into two parts: time-domain methods and frequency-domain methods. The experimental results prove that this structure will not only improve the monitor number and distance, but also with the signal averaging and provide an intense and stable laser light source, it can reduce the effect of noise on the system performance. It will be used in passive optical network and long-distance fiber Bragg grating monitoring system.