以二氧化碳減量觀點探討都市計畫綠化管制策略

A Study on Greening Guideline of Urban Planning by the view of CO2 Emission

王珮琪(Pei-Chyi Wang)

指導教授 ： 彭光輝

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

在全球永續發展的趨勢下，二氧化碳減量亦成為世界各國致力推動之政策目標；都市由於特殊之生態系統特性而成為全球二氧化碳排放之主要來源，故擬定適當的都市策略以有效降低都市二氧化碳排放實屬當務之急。本研究之主要目的，乃由都市計畫綠化管制之角度，探討在整合都市土地使用下，如何使都市計畫在擬定管制策略與方案時，能達成都市計畫地區二氧化碳減量之最適貢獻。
本研究挑選台北市中心三處細部計畫地區進行案例分析（分別以居住、商業、生產製造為主要土地使用型態），分別計算各都市計畫地區在人口部門、產業生產部門、交通運輸部門與都市營建部門之二氧化碳排放，以及都市綠化所能達成之二氧化碳固定效果。研究過程發現，都市地區之二氧化碳排放源，以產業生產部門排放量最大，且遠高於其他部門，交通部門其次，而都市營建所佔比例則偏低；在現行都市計畫之相關綠化管制下，藉由綠化來降低都市二氧化碳濃度之效果有限，對於強大的都市二氧化碳排放源，僅得提供約20％不到之二氧化碳固定效果。最後，本研究進行數個都市綠化策略之模擬（增加公園綠地面積、提高道路綠化比例、增加建築基地空地綠化比例），指出適當規範都市計畫道路之喬木綠覆比例應屬現階段可行之方案。

關鍵字

二氧化碳減量 ； 都市計畫與都市設計 ； 綠化管制策略

並列摘要

While sustainable development has become a global issue, policy-making agents all over the world are elaborative to reach a goal that would facilitate the reduction of CO2 emission. Urban area is one of the major sources of CO2 emission due to its unusual ecological characteristics. A proper strategy would be required to effectively reduce CO2 emission. The objective of this study is to investigate whether CO2 emission can be controlled through urban planning that considers the balance between land utilization and greening coverage.
This study chose three urban planning areas in Taipei city for case analyses. The major land utilization for each of these three chosen areas is dominated by different ways, including inhabitation, commerce and manufacture. The case analyses calculated the amount of CO2 emission from population, manufacturing, transportation and construction sectors, respectively, and estimated the amount of CO2 fixation through urban greening. Of these three cases analyzed, the amount of CO2 emission produced by manufacturing sector exceeds far beyond the other sectors. While transportation contributes secondly to the total CO2 emission, construction only plays a minor role. Under the present regulation of urban planning, only 20% of CO2 emitted can be fixed through greening. Finally, the effects of three greening strategies, including the enhancement of park area, of greening proportion of roads, and of greening proportion of un-built area for a construction base, were investigated. The result suggests that the enhancement of greening proportion of roads is perhaps more effective than the others to reduce CO2 emission.

並列關鍵字

CO2 Emission ； Urban Planning and Urban Design ； Greening Guideline

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