用於永磁同步馬達之具類弦波定子電流的六步波電壓驅動技術

A Six-Step Voltage Driving Method for a PMSM with Quasi-Sinusoidal Stator Currents

陳錦豪(Chin-Hao Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃明熙

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2012.00025

摘要

一般用於電動載具之馬達牽引系統，多希望具有高效率、高功率密度與寬廣之定功率輸出範圍，上述需求多與驅動裝置的輸出有效相電壓大小有關。傳統是以固定直流鏈電壓再以過調變方式來提高輸出電壓之有效利用率，但該方法所衍生之電流諧波可能導致輸出轉矩漣波增加。本論文提出一新型六步波電壓驅動方法，以調整直流鏈電壓大小與六步波電壓超前相反電動勢角度之雙自由度方法，可同時提高電壓有效利用率、降低永磁同步馬達之電流諧波與其驅動器之PWM切換損失；直流鏈電壓是依據馬達無載反電動勢，由一雙向直流-直流轉換器進行調控，如此可提高速度操作範圍及達到輸出轉矩與輸入電流比例最大化之控制。另外，以調整超前相反電動勢角度使輸入馬達定子電流接近弦波來降低馬達因六步波電壓驅動所造成之電流諧波。
所提之方法先以MATLAB建構模擬環境發展控制策略，隨後以Renesas SH7137微處理器作為控制核心之驅動器，於6kW/47Nm/1200rpm之內置磁石永磁同步馬達驗證所提六步波電壓驅動方法之有效性。

關鍵字

類弦波定子電流 ； 六步波電壓驅動 ； 內置磁石永磁同步馬達 ； 電動載具 ； 輸出轉矩與輸入電流比例最大化

並列摘要

High efficiency, high power density and wide constant power region are all the required functions of the traction motor and drive in electric vehicle applications. However, these requirements are mainly dependent on the output phase voltage utilization of the motor drives. An over modulation method with fixed dc-link voltage was traditionally proposed to increase the output phase voltages. But this method may yield current harmonics to increase torque ripples. In this thesis, a novel six-step voltage control method is proposed to increase phase voltage utilization and reduce both current harmonics of PMSM and switching loss of its motor drive simultaneously. The proposed method provides two-degree-of-freedom control by adjusting both DC-link voltage and phase angle between applied six-step voltage and back EMF of PMSM. The DC-link voltage is regulated by a bi-directional dc-dc converter according to the no-load back EMF under different speed. Hence one can increase the speed operating range and yield generated torque under MTPA. Moreover, in order to reduce the current harmonics caused by the six-step voltage, the phase angle of applied six-step voltage is adjusted to lead the no-load back EMF to get a nearly sinusoidal stator current.
A MATLAB-based simulation environment of the motor drive system is established for developing the proposed control method first. Then, a MCU SH7137-based motor drive is employed to realize the control algorithms. Finally, some experimental results tested on a 6kW/47Nm IPMSM are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.

並列關鍵字

Quasi-sinusoidal current ； Six-step voltage control ； Internal permanent magnet synchronous motor ； Electric vehicle ； maximal torque per ampere

參考文獻

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