一般廢棄物處理方案之環境衝擊與成本效益評估比較

Environment Impact and Benefit-Cost Analysis for Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Measures

黃文傑(Wei-Chieh Huang)

指導教授 ： 胡憲倫

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境規劃與管理研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

為有效解決一般廢棄物之處理與管理問題，應將一般廢棄物之處理技術，結合生命週期之觀點，透過一套完整的環境衝擊評估之作法，將一般廢棄物對環境衝擊的影響降至最低。此外，也應就各處理方案成本校益之經濟面向一併考量，始能使一般廢棄物的處理與管理，更具可行性。
本研究主要蒐集相關文獻資料，運用「簡約式生命週期評估」基礎的矩陣評分系統與成本效益分析，作為在一般廢棄物（包含收集、清運、中間處理和最終處置）對環境影響及成本效益進行評估；最後探討政府推動一般廢棄物管理之政策缺失，並提出建議供決策單位參考。
本研究透過情境模擬分析之結果顯示，整體性之一般廢棄物處理模式在增設了垃圾分選廠之後，是一個有效且能減少環境衝擊的概念，並是最具成本效益的作法。其每噸垃圾清除處理成本約為800元，除可增加資源物回收再利用外，並可將事業單位產生之一般事業廢棄物，納入有效管理。

關鍵字

生命週期 ； 一般廢棄物處理 ； 環境衝擊 ； 成本效益

並列摘要

In order to effectively resolve the treatment and management problems of Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW), it is necessary to combine various treatment techniques with Life-Cycle Thinking (LCT) and to apply a comprehensive environmental impact assessment methodology for minimizing the total impact of each management measure evaluated. In this study, a streamlined life cycle assessment (SLCA) scoring system and benefit-cost analysis were applied for assessing the environmental impact and economic feasibility of different MSW management approaches, respectivily. Three scenarios were adopted, they are (1) transportation and collection facility followed by landfilling practice; (2) transportation and collection facility followed by incineration then landfilling practice; (3) transportation and collection facility followed by a sorting and recycling plant then incineration and landfilling practices.
Based on the scenario analyses mentioned above, it is found that MSW treatment (including collection, transportation, middle treatment and final treatment) to install a refuse sorting and recycling plant will be a best waste management and cost-effective practice for minimizing environmental impact, and its waste treatment cost per ton is about 800 NTD. It is suggested that to install a refuse sorting and recycling plant will creative not just environmental benefits but also economic advantage.

並列關鍵字

Life-Cycle Thinking ； Municipal Solid Waste Treatment ； Environmental Impact ； Benefit-Cost Analysis

參考文獻

[44] 台北市政府環境保護局，台北市政府環境保護局92年報資料，2003。

[45] 台北市政府環境保護局，台北市政府環境保護局93年報資料，2004。

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