奈米黏土於絕熱材料配方之分散加工及耐燃特性研究

Investigation of dispersion and flame retardant of insulating maaterial/clay nanocomposites

張詠証(Yung-Cheng Chang)

指導教授 ： 程耀毅

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究利用熔融插層法之混煉方法製備EPDM/Kevlar/organoclay/Mg(OH)2奈米複合材料，在此研究中，第一部分使用塑譜儀以熔融插層法製備EPDM/organoclay複材，接著將Kevlar與EPDM/organoclay做充分混煉，製成EPDM/Kevlar/organoclay奈米複材，並探討奈米黏土對於複材其結構、機械性質、熱性質、物理性質之影響，第二部分則是將Mg(OH)2添加於奈米複材EPDM/Kevlar/organoclay中，並探討Mg(OH)2對複材結構與熱性質之影響。使用x-ray繞射儀及TEM觀察複合材料內黏土的奈米級結構層與複材型態，利用萬能試驗機來測量機械性質變化，並測量其比重、硬度等物理性質、至於熱性質方面，則以TGA、LOI、氧乙炔焰流試驗為主。
由XRD得知，黏土在奈米複材中可以有良好的分散性，且clay矽酸鹽層之層間距有被高分子鏈撐大的現象，奈米黏土已在橡膠材料中被打開且均勻的分散，這現象在TEM可以得到進一步的證實。TGA測試結果也顯示，添加奈米黏土對複合材料的熱性質有所幫助，這是因為奈米黏土在複材中以片狀的分散，而使得熱傳遞的路徑得以延長，使複材的熱性質有所提昇。由拉伸測試結果得知，奈米黏土的添加也對複材的機械性質有所幫助。另外，Mg(OH)2的加入，也使奈米複材的熱性質有極大的改善。

關鍵字

熔融插層法 ； 奈米複合材料 ； 熱性質 ； 層間距

並列摘要

In this study, the EPDM/Kevlar/Organoclay/Mg(OH)2 nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation. In the research, the first part is prepared EPDM/Organoclay nanocomposites by melt-blended in brabender, and then add Kevlar to produre EPDM/Organoclay nanocomposites to get EPDM/Kevlar/Organoclay nanocomposites. We investigate the effect of structure, mechanical properties, thermal properties and physical properties of organoclay in the EPDM/Kevlar/Organoclay nanocomposites. The second part is to add Mg(OH)2 into EPDM/Kevlar/Organoclay nanocomposites, then to study its structure and thermal properties. This experiment will use X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe the dispersion and morphology of clay in nanocomposites. The universal testing mechine is used to get machanical properties. Then we measure the specific gravity and hardness, and use Thermogravimentriic Analyzer (TGA), LOI and Oxyacetylene Torch Test to measure the thermal properties.
The results of XRD and TEM showed the silicate layers of the clay were exfoliated and dispersed in the rubber. The results of TGA and tensile test show that when we add nano organoclay to EPDM/Kevlar composite, the nanocomposites exhibit improvement in thermal and mechanical properties. After we add Mg(OH)2, the nanocomposites have great improvement in thermal properties.

並列關鍵字

melt intercalation ； nanocomposite ； thermal property ； d-spacing

參考文獻

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Combustion Characteristics,” in “Fundamentals of Solid

Company INC.,1978 , p.147-150

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91,2006, p.69-80