離岸風場併接特高壓系統之接地故障及開關突波分析

Ground Fault and Switching Surge Analysis for Offshore Wind-Farm Interconnected to VHV System

彭志強(Jhih-Ciang Peng)

指導教授 ： 周至如

共同指導教授 ： 李清吟(Ching-Yin Lee)

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

政府為推廣再生能源，且將離岸風力列為再生能源發展的主軸，風能公司預計在彰化沿海設置離岸風力發電場。此離岸風力發電場系統架構，主要係由海底電纜並接個別風機，匯集後再經由陸岸地下電纜傳輸至輸電網，因地下電纜及海底電纜具較高之電容特性，開關廠操作時之開關突波與系統發生接地故障所產生之過電壓現象為本論文探討主題。
本論文運用電磁暫態分析程式(Electromagnetic Transients Program, EMTP)之改良程式ATP Draw，建立離岸風力發電場之相關模型。模擬離岸風場之輸電線路投入加壓、切離斷電及接地故障所產生之突波電壓及電流變化，其中斷路器投入及切離操作模式考慮三相同步操作與非同步操作，接地故障係考慮電力系統中最常發生之單相接地故障。
藉由模擬分析結果評估，突波電壓及電流是否對系統設備造成不利影響，並藉由一些改善策略以供風能公司及後續建置之離岸風場參考。

關鍵字

離岸風場 ； 開關突波 ； 接地故障 ； 電磁暫態程式

並列摘要

In order to promote renewable energy and set offshore wind farm as a renewable energy spindle, wind energy companies are expected to build an offshore wind farm in Changhua. The architecture of this offshore wind farm connects wind turbines by submarine cables. After collecting the submarine cables, the system transmits power to shore power grid by underground cables. Due to the higher capacitance characteristics of submarine and underground cables, switching surge due to switch operation and overvoltage due to ground fault is the main topic of this thesis.
This thesis uses the advanced Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) software ATP Draw to construct a simulation model of an offshore wind power plant. This work simulates the switch-on action of the transmission line, switch-off action, and ground fault to observe the surge voltage and current, in which the operating mode considers the three-phase synchronous operation and non-synchronous operation, and single-phase ground fault that occurs most frequently in the power system is considered in this study.
The simulation results can assess whether the surge voltage and current have negative impact on system equipment. Additionally, this work proposes several improvement strategies for offshore wind companies as the important reference.

並列關鍵字

Offshore Wind Farm ； Switching Surge ； Ground Fault ； EMTP

參考文獻

[21]黃鈺倫，捷運系統主變電站接地系統之開關突波特性分析，碩士論文，私立中原大學電機研究所，中壢，2002。

[1]Global Wind Statistics 2013, GWEC, May 2014

[4]H. W. Dommel, Electromagnetic Transients Program Reference Manual (EMTP Theory Book), Report Prepared for Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon, July 1987.

[6]Gerd Balzer, Tatjana Werner and Bernhard Richter, “Overvoltages In MV Cable Networks of Offshore Wind Power Parks‚” Integration of Renewables into the Distribution, Lisbon, 2012, pp.1-5.

[11]Georgios Rogdakis and Rodrigo Garcia-Valle, “Transient Model Validation of Fixed-Speed Induction Generator Using Wind Farm Measurements,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 27, Issue 1, 2012, pp. 564-571.