健康住宅評估指標之研究

A Proposed Framework of Evaluation Criteria for Housing Health

游能君(Neng Chun Yu)

指導教授 ： 張寬勇

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2008.00066

摘要

1973年第一次世界能源危機發生，台灣的經濟發展與公共建設並未因此停步，仍依國家政策及全體國人共同努力向前邁進，也帶動都市建設發展，經過多年的發展而形成聚集化都市，更使得居住環境及空間演變成擁擠、老舊、改建等問題產生。住的環境被嚴重干擾、污染及生態環境惡化，造成生活上許多與住宅環境污染有關的疾病及生理上與心理上的健康問題發生。
過去的建築因經濟發展或是政策因素導致人口過度集中，同時在建築物也常因建築設計或經常性使用用途變更或裝修，或是建築使用人刻意營造過多的人工環境及設備老舊等，造成建築物內外通風不良、設備耗能，更無法針對當前日益炎熱天氣，只能靠大量使用空調設備將室內的熱移轉至室外，無法達到節能及降低環境溫度，也因室內空間常時封閉讓室內空間無法換氣，更無法在家家戶戶密集的冷氣散出的熱環境中引入外氣，更將致使建築使用人的健康受到嚴重威脅，也造成能源的浪費。
為提昇居住環境的舒適度與安全性及健康衛生方面的品質提昇，使人的健康不受到威脅，本研究將探討住宅環境中的物理環境、心理環境及有關生物環境之溫、熱、濕、空氣、水、光環境、音及振動、化學物質、過敏、住宅維護及醫護功能等因子，對住宅使用者健康關聯及影響。本研究目的將建立健康住宅評估因子項目，建立符合健康住宅之人的健康與建築物健康要件的機制，改善住宅環境進而提高居民身心靈的健康。

關鍵字

健康住宅 ； 評估指標 ； 層級分析法

並列摘要

The first oil crisis was happened in 1973, but the economic development and public works never been ceased and still moved forward in Taiwan which were contributed by government’s policy guidance and efforts of peoples. Meanwhile, the economy growth droved the Metropolis construction that moved and centralized more people in urban area through many years developing. In these circumstance, the living environment has became more worse, many mental and physical disease were found that related with living environment changing, such as too crowded and noise, air and water pollution, re-build the old buildings to accommodate more migrations etc.
Early architectures caused the population centralizing which were Attributing of economic developing or policies guidance. Also the usage of architecture changing, re-innovation, architect change building design to create artificial environment, or air conditioning equipment depreciation etc. those all caused the air circulation of building is not good enough to deal with hotter climate in past years. Therefore, more air conditioners were installed to expel the heat from indoor to outdoor what has increased the energy consumption and temperature of atmosphere. Because of the building was enclosed in most time, the fresh air couldn’t exchange with indoor air, also the air can’t be circulated between in door and outdoor due to temperature too high caused by too many air conditioners, the health of people living in these building are throated seriously as well as energy consumption increasing.
To promote the living quality in comfortable, security, health, and protect the health of human not be throated by environment, this study is dedicated in field of physical of living environment, psychological environment and related biological environment, such as factor of atmosphere temperature, heat, humility, air, water, light, sound、vibration、chemical substance、allergy、medical treatment and housing maintenance etc. The goal of this study attempts to establish the evaluating factors of health housing, also establish the requirement of health for both human and building, improve the living environment and promote the health in both physically and psychologically.

並列關鍵字

Housing Health ； evaluating factors ； Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP）

參考文獻

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