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  • 學位論文

軸孔干涉配合之應力分析

Stress Analysis of Interference Fitted Shaft-Hub Joints

指導教授 : 蔡定江

摘要


干涉配合在目前工業界中應用廣泛,其組合方式主要為軸與孔兩機械元件。本文為研究軸與孔在干涉配合狀態下的應力狀態,使用3D繪圖軟體建立模型並搭配電腦輔助工程(CAE)軟體加以分析。 本研究分為靜態分析與動態兩部分。靜態分析為直接顯示干涉配合狀態,主要目的為減少軸孔兩端產生的應力集中現象,藉由改變軸的幾何外型研究是否能夠有效降低兩端應力集中效應及維持傳動摩擦扭矩容量。動態分析則為模擬在實際裝配時將軸施加力量壓入孔內過程,利用分析軟體計算出施加力量,並利用熱漲冷縮概念探討孔件如何加熱膨脹,使其對軸件消除干涉而有利於實際裝配。 由分析結果得知,應力集中分布效應將隨著軸的外型改變,接觸壓力的大小將影響摩擦扭矩的容量。干涉段軸徑d與突出部分軸徑dc不同之階梯式軸與圓角軸為改善應力集中效應較佳的方式,階級式軸在dc/d小於0.87以下減少應力集中的效果較好 ; 孔件之孔徑與其外徑比d/D應盡量避免過小,比值若過小則不利於加熱孔件方式裝配。

並列摘要


Interference-fit used widely in current industry, shaft and hub are two main mechanical components. The article is to study the stress state of shaft and hub in interference-fit situation, using 3D graphics software modeling and matching computer-aided engineering (CAE) software analysis. This study divided into static and dynamic parts. Static analysis for direct display interference-fit status, the main purpose is to reduce the stress concentration at both ends of shaft and hub, through changing the geometric shape of shaft ends of the research is able to effectively reduce the stress concentration effect and maintain the amount of torque. Dynamic analysis for simulation of the actual processing and assembly shaft by exert force pressed into the hub, using analysis software to calculate the reaction and use of heating and cooling the shaft and hub, come to understand at which temperature difference conductive to assembly. By the analysis result was informed that the distribution effect of stress concentration as the shape changes, contact pressure will affect the amount of torque. Stepped shaft and rounded shaft better ways to improve the stress concentration effect, the ratio of stepped shaft dc/d below 0.87 is better to reduce stress concentration, the bore and outside diameter ratio d/D should be avoided as far as possible too small, otherwise it will ineffective to heating assembly.

參考文獻


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