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  • 學位論文

以雨量為基礎之猴山岳邊坡警戒系統

Rainfall-Based Landslide Warning System at Mountain Houshanyue

指導教授 : 陳水龍

摘要


建立警戒系統,適時疏散民眾,已被公認是防災策略中,重要且有效的方式。觀測降雨量是最為省錢與便利,且更容易讓一般的民眾瞭解,此方法常被利用在山坡預警的發布。由於各邊坡都有不同的地文特性,就算在相同的降雨強度與延時下,對地下水位的影響也都會有所不同。本篇採用Van Genuchten的土水特徵曲線、儲水方程式與非飽和水力傳導方程式來模擬降雨對非飽和土壤之入滲行為。利用PLAXIS 反算猴山岳邊坡在辛樂克颱風期間之破壞案例再進行後續分析。透過軟體中的Flow mode計算降雨與孔隙水壓之變化並轉換成地下水位之升降,再將分析之地下水資料代入Advance mode中計算不同地下水位下之安全係數的變化。另外再設計四種不同雨型、五種降雨強度與四種前期降雨之條件,探討80種不同降雨條件下進行分析。得到猴山岳邊坡在不同降雨條件下安全係數之改變。參考,林美聆(2003)之方式建立一套猴山岳邊坡之預警值,並制訂警戒模式與發布機制。再利用本研究與臺灣現行邊坡警戒系統比較其優劣。

並列摘要


Establishing warning system to timely evacuate citizens has been recognized as an important and effective disaster prevention strategy. Rainfall observation method, a commonly used method for issuing hillside warning, is money saving, convenient, and easy for the general public to understand. Since each slope has different geologic and hydraulic features, which means even in the same rainfall intensity and duration, the impact on the groundwater table varies. The study used Van Genuchten’s soil water characteristic curve, water storage function, and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function to simulate rainfall’s infiltration behavior on unsaturated soil. The study also used PLAXIS to conduct inverse calculation on the damage case of mountain Houshanyue during Sinlaku typhoon for further subsequent analysis. It used the Flow mode to calculate the changes in rainfall and pore pressure, and converted them into the movements of groundwater table, and then substituted the analyzed groundwater data into Advance mode to calculate the changes of the safety factors in different groundwater tables. The author had additionally designed four different rainfall types, five rainfall intensity levels and four antecedent precipitation types to analyze 80 different rainfall conditions, and gained the changes of the safety factors under different rainfall conditions on mountain Houshanyue. The study built a set of mountain Houshanyue’s warning value based on Lin Mei Ling’s method (Lin, 2003), and formulated a warning mode and release mechanism, and then compared the advantages and disadvantages between Taiwan’s existing slope warning systems and this study.

參考文獻


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