- 學位論文
應用ZVS-PWM雙向轉換器於儲能式充電系統之研製
Design and Implementation of ZVS-PWM Bidirectional Converter for Energy Storage Charging Systems
摘要
本論文提出一具ZVS-PWM柔性切換技術之雙向轉換器，其主要應用於電動車(EV)之電池對電池雙向儲能式充電系統。藉此系統來調節電動車充電高峰時之電力分配，以避免輸配線之負荷過載問題；再者，當市電中斷時，由於系統雙向式的設計，電動車之電能可回充至充電站的儲能電池端，達到緊急備用電源之目的。本系統以同步整流升壓式轉換器為基本架構，使得轉換器得以雙向運作。結合ZVS-PWM柔性切換技術，透過輔助開關的控制，使所有開關達到寬範圍的零電壓切換(ZVS)，以降低切換損失，可有效提升轉換器整體效率。控制核心部分以微控制器擷取回授電壓，並透過演算法則調整脈波寬度(PWM)訊號以驅動功率級電路，由數位化控制定電流/定電壓(CC/CV)混合模式充電，以避免電池壽命受損。最後本論文將藉由PSIM軟體模擬功率級電路之操作原理，並依據模擬規格實際製作出一600W之雙向式電力轉換器，實驗結果可證明此充電系統之可行性，及理論推導與模擬的正確性。
並列摘要
The purpose of this thesis is to realize a bidirectional converter with ZVS-PWM soft switching technology for energy storage charging systems of electric vehicles (EV). By this system, the power distribution could be regulated to avoid overload when many EVs are charging in the rush hour. Furthermore, the bidirectional design of this system could return the energy from the EV to the backup battery during the blackout. To reach the function of the bidirectional charge, the structure of this system uses a boost converter with synchronous rectification. Moreover, this system combines the ZVS-PWM soft switching with the control of the auxiliary switch so that all switches can achieve the wide range of ZVS. Due to the switching losses are reduced, the converter efficiency will be increased. About the control core of this system, a microcontroller is used to calculate the level of the feedback voltage in the output, and regulate the PWM to drive the power switches by the control algorithm. Besides, this thesis uses a two-stage charging method with constant-current and constant-voltage (CC/CV) to avoid the damage of the battery cycle life. Finally, the operating principles of the power stage circuit will be simulated by PSIM software. Some experimental results are provided to verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed schemes.