基於智慧電錶之日常生活監測系統

隨著高齡化社會的來臨，因此近年來有關居家照護議題的研究備受關注。本文透過智慧電錶辨識家電負載開啟與關閉的瞬間動作，可以精準掌握家中電器使用情形。之後利用即時的資料分析方式，達到受護者日常作息的行為模式推估。如此做法不用改變居住環境，且完全不會干擾到受護者之生活作息，卻能得到細膩的起居資訊。本文的具體做法是以智慧電錶為基礎，透過事先建立好的電器用電資訊，使得我們為此研發的嵌入式系統具有家電負載即時辨識功能。此非侵入式監測系統(Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring system, NILM system)，僅需要於電力入口處加裝一只智慧電錶即可。此方式可大幅降低成本，符合經濟效益的需求，可提升拆裝及維護之便利性。住家是高齡受護者每日的生活重心所在，根據受護者平日生活起居特定項目的長期觀察資料，如觀看電視、沐浴、如廁等行為、廚房烹煮、以及臥床時間等等，可以明顯反映出受護者的生理健康狀況。因此本研究將上述提到的生活起居項目對應出客廳、浴室、廚房、臥室等四個區域，合併及累計個別區域的電器監測資料，計算出受護者生活起居項目的活動密度、建置活動密度地圖，由此可以觀察受護者的生活狀況的改變，作為預判生理健康狀況是否改變，或是生理機能是否衰退的依據。

關鍵字

智慧電錶；非侵入式負載監測系統；居家照護

並列摘要

Along with population ageing comes increasing interest in research topics related to home care services. Through a smart meter, this team designed a system that can identify household appliance power load at switch-on and -off instants. It can also accurately monitor appliance usage in a specific houshold. Not only that, it also makes use of real time data analysis and estimates the outpatient's daily schedule and tendencies. This method collects meticulous data of one's daily life and, at the same time, keeps the living surroundings unchanged so as to prevent the outpatient's schedule / lifestyle from interruption. Summarized, the study reached the abovementioned goal by designing a system integrated into a household smart meter. Making use of appliance power usage database that had already been built, the team created an embedded system that possesses the ability to instantaneously identify appliance power load. Incorporating this Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring system (NILM system) is as easy as installing a smart meter at the power inlet. Not only does it lower the cost significantly, making it cost efficient, it also makes dismounting and maintenance simpler than other systems. For most elderly outpatients, home is where most of their activities take place. According to long term observation records, it is discovered that certain activities, namely watching TV, bathing, using the toilet, cooking, staying in bed and so on, reflect the outpatient's physiological or health conditions. Therefore, this research study categorized the abovementioned daily events by the areas they usually take place, particularly the living room, bathroom, kitchen and bedroom. The team merged and accumulated the appliance surveillance databases from every area to calculate the density of certain activity done by the outpatient and then made an activity density map with which changes in the outpatient's power usage activity log can observed. It acts as a way to predetermine changes in the outpatient's physiological and health conditions and a basis for whether his/her physiological functions have deteriorated.

並列關鍵字

Smart meter ； Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring system ； Home Care

參考文獻

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基於智慧電錶之日常生活監測系統

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