聚氨酯共聚高分子之合成及混摻奈米銀抗菌應用之研究

聚氨酯為主鏈中含有氨基甲酸酯特徵單元的一類高分子，由異氰酸酯及多元醇經加成聚合而成，因異氰酸酯及多元醇反應物成分的多重組合性，使得聚氨酯具有多樣物性，因而被廣泛應用於工業及日常生活領域中，如黏合劑、塗層、輪胎、墊圈、車墊、鞋墊、各種泡沫和塑料海綿。本研究選用六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(HDI)與二種多元醇依不同比列聚合，選用的多元醇為短鏈的戊二醇(PDL)及分子量1000的長鏈聚醚丙二醇(PPG)，藉由改變兩種鏈長不同的多元醇添加比例，探討多元醇添加比例對聚氨酯共聚物的物性影響。改變兩種多元醇的添加比例，經聚合形成含軟鏈端(HDI-PPG)x及硬鏈端(HDI-PDL)y的聚氨酯共聚合體，因硬鏈段的結構高分子鏈間排列整齊因此具有相當高的結晶現象，藉由導入軟鏈段(HDI-PPG)x，使聚氨酯共聚合高分子的結晶程度降低增加其柔軟性，並研究因軟鏈段的含量不同而導致共聚高分子熱性質的變化，實驗利用熱重量分析儀(TGA) 研究聚氨酯共聚合體的熱穩定性、示差掃措描熱量儀(DSC)測量觀察其玻璃轉化溫度及熱焓值的變化，偏光顯微鏡(POM)及X-光繞射光譜儀(XRD)研究其結晶情形及形態變化。實驗發現當兩種多元醇添加比(PPG : PDL)為1:1時，共聚高分子因玻璃轉化溫度低於室溫，在室溫下有高度柔軟性，並有最佳的熱穩定性，且此親油性的聚氨酯高分子可在有機溶液中混摻奈米銀粒子並製成抗菌薄膜，經CNS 13907 (L3248)-搖瓶法及分光光度儀量測培養菌樣品溶液的吸收度，證明此抗菌薄膜具有一定的抗菌效果，未來可應用於抗菌敷料。

關鍵字

聚氨酯；熱性質；奈米銀；抗菌薄膜

並列摘要

Polyurethane (PU) refers to a polymer with repeat urethane links via addition polymerization of polyisocyanates and polyols. Since polyisocyanates and polyols with a variety of forms, polyurethanes have different physical properties and have become increasingly applicable for household and industrial use, such as adhesives, sealant, coatings, tires, car mats, insoles, various foams and plastic sponge. In this study, PU copolymers were synthesized by solution polymerization, with a variety addition ratio of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and two kinds of polyol, 1,5-pentandiol (PDL) and polypropylene glycol (PPG, Mw:1000). The physical properties of the resulting polyurethanes have been characterized by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray scattering (XRD) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). Among the synthesized copolymers, PU copolymer with the feeding ratio of HDI:PPG:PDL as 1:0.5:0.5, was depicted a low Tg point at -48.4 oC. Applying this PU copolymer to blend with nano-silver in organic solution has formed a flexible and soft composite film which showed well antibacterial effect by CNS 13907 (L3248) test.

並列關鍵字

polyurethane ； thermal properties ； nano-silver particle ； antibacterial film

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

聚氨酯共聚高分子之合成及混摻奈米銀抗菌應用之研究

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