- 學位論文
利用炸震夯實法來探討對土壤的影響
Analysis on the Influence of Blasting Compaction on Soils
摘要
目前國內公共建設大多以公路為主，在構築土壩、道路、路堤與許多結構物時必須將鬆散的土壤加以夯實，以便增加其單位重。因夯實具有增加土壤強度的特性，故藉由夯實可增加基礎的從載力。夯實亦可減少結構物預期外的沉陷量。夯實為填土工程中重要指標。同樣的土壤，夯實的良否，影響了填土的穩定性與透水性，土壤經過夯實之後，通常可具有高強度，低壓縮性及良好的穩定性。為使夯實的效果合乎工程品質的控制因素很廣；選擇適切的填土材料為先決條件，在工地現場須視土壤條件來選擇夯實方式，決定爆破每層厚度，調整施工含水量，因應相對夯實度的規範調整爆破夯實的次數。由於一般大型土方工程均希望挖填平衡，因此現地開挖出來的土壤，大部分會留用成回填土。或者在現場附近取得回填土。故使用的回填土未必是很理想的土質。綜合上述理由，對於各類土壤的夯實是否能達到規範的要求，必須先了解試驗方法。 這些處理方法施工時需要大型的施工設備，施工複雜，工期長，處理費用高。沿海許多工程建設中這樣的軟基處理需要有新的施工技術投入。 本實驗使用了炸震夯實法的方式來探討對土壤的影響，使用了不同的參數來做實驗分析，並且將不同的藥量對土壤的沉陷做一個比較。並實用surfer繪製出區域地形圖，將炸前與炸後做一個地形變化的比較。並將土壤取樣後做室內實驗來了解土壤炸前與炸後3小時和27小時的變化。
並列摘要
At present, the main public works are mostly focusing on highway, in building dams roads and embankments, the loose soil are required to be compacted in order to increase its unit weight. Due to compaction has the property of increasing strength of the soil which can increase the capacity of base. Compaction could also reduce the unexpected settlement of a building. Compaction is an important indicator for embankment. The same soil, the quality of compaction, decides the stability of embankment and permeability, the soil after embankment, usually has high strength, low compressibility and great stability. The compaction in order to meet the great quality of a work, the range of control factors are very wide; selecting an appropriate embankment material is a prerequisite, in the work site, determine the compaction method is dependent on the soil quality, deciding the thick of every layer, adjust water content of construction, in response to the relative compaction degree of compaction of specification to adjust the frequency of blasting. Because most large earthworks engineers works are mostly to balance by embankment, therefore the soil dig out from the work site, most are kept for backfill soil, or acquire the backfill soil near the work site, therefore the back fill soil is not an ideal soil. Due to the reasons above, the various types of soil for compaction which reach the standard of the speculation, must to understand the examination method first. The approach requires the construction of large-scale construction equipment, construction complex, long duration, high processing costs. Many construction projects in coastal soft ground are needed for new construction technology investment. Backfill material from the above do not necessarily know the best use of soil, in response to filling purposes (road, mountain slopes, Sea Guangdong relict ion, etc.), and filling of the components (road bed, roadbed, etc.) is different filling the requirements for quality will vary. The first comparison, re-examine the error, then analysis of the two soil density test method and the relationship between soil physical properties, to facilitate the right to judge the relative degree of compaction. Furthermore part of the fine-grained soil compaction after blasting, and not because of the relative frequency will increase the more the degree of compaction, decline may be the case.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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