特高壓供電科技廠配電系統及接地系統之開關突波特性分析及其影響評估

Analysis of Switching Surge Characteristics of Distribution System and Affection Assessment for the High-Tech Industrial Plants Supplied by VHV Distribution System

鍾政良(Cheng-Liang Chung)

指導教授 ： 周至如

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2008.00122

摘要

大型科技產業的供電系統以特高壓為主，廠內設主變電站將特高壓降為高壓，特高壓與高壓兩等級的開關突波相當大，常造成設備的損壞甚至影響人員的安全。為此，本文主要針對典型的特高壓(161kV)供電的科技廠內配電系統，探討其開關切換時(含投入及切離)所產生的突波特性，並評估對人員與設備的影響。論文的主軸將模擬特高壓變電站到負載端的各電壓等級之開關動作，包含正常及異常操作程序下的開關投入及切離，分別對主變壓器、高壓變壓器、避雷器、匯流排電纜、主地網及下游地網等，分析其開關突波電壓及電流。其中三相的開關操作，還考慮了三相同步及不同步的投入及切離。文中首先以電磁暫態分析程式(EMTP/ATP)建構電路模型，在建構模型中將考慮主變壓器、高壓變壓器、避雷器、電纜之相導體及遮蔽層導體、主變壓器的耦合電容、功因補償電容、主地網及下游地網等之參數。然後根據EMTP/ATP模擬出注入各地網突波電流，再應用接地系統分析軟體(CDEGS)來分析地網電磁暫態特性包括地電位昇、接觸電壓、步間電壓及地表電磁場之分佈，且藉此評估判斷對於人員與設備的傷害影響。本研究分析結果可供將來防範及保護措施之參考價值。

關鍵字

開關突波 ； 接地系統 ； 耦合電容 ； 接觸電壓 ； 步間電壓 ； 地電位昇 ； 地表電磁場

並列摘要

The power supply system for a large high-tech industry plant is very high voltage (VHV) mainly, in which the main substation transform VHV to high voltage (HV). Due to the switching surges of VHV and HV are quite large that often result in equipments damage and affection on personnel safety, for that, this thesis is to study the switching surge characteristics of VHV (161kV) distribution system in high-tech industry plant. The subject of the study is to analyze the switching surges which was produced from the switch operations of each voltage levels from VHV substation to loads, including normal and abnormal operation procedures with respect to switch-close and switch-open operations for main transformers, HV transformers, arresters, buses, cables, main ground grids and down-steam ground grids. The three-phase switching operations will consider synchronous and non-synchronous switching operations. The circuit model of typical VHV distribution system is first constructed and analyzed by electromagnetic transient program/alternative transient program (EMTP/ATP) in which the main transformers, HV transformers, arresters, cable phase conductors, shielding conductors, coupling capacitors in main transformers, power factor correction capacitors, main ground grids and down-steam ground grids are considered. Based on the above simulation results, the switching surge currents injected into grounding system are obtained, the software package for grounding system analysis, namely, Current Distribution Electromagnetic Grounding and Soil Structure Analysis (CDEGS) are used, from which we can find the distribution of ground potential rise (GPR), step voltages, touch voltages and electromagnetic fields (EMF) on the ground surface and further to evaluate the affections on the personnel and equipments. The study results can provide more useful information for further study on protection measure.

並列關鍵字

Switching Surge ； Grounding System ； Coupling Capacitor ； Touch Voltages ； Step Voltages ； Ground Potential Rises ； Electromagnetic Field on the ground surface

參考文獻

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