- 學位論文
鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀對活性污泥的影響
Effects of potassium hydrogen phthalate on activated sludge
摘要
活性污泥法是一種污水的好氧生物處理法，它能從污水中去除溶解性的和膠體狀態的可生物分解性之有機物，以及能被活性污泥吸附的懸浮固體和其他一些物質，同時也能去除一部分磷素和氮素。 本研究嘗試以鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀(Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate, KHP)作為廢水處理模型之有機鹽，並蒐集10種活性污泥混合來分解不同濃度的鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀，以研究馴化和未馴化活性污泥兩者對KHP生物分解的影響，利用測量水中溶氧量之密閉瓶 (Closed bottle)法及測量壓力耗氧量之呼吸壓差法(Oxitops)來進行長時間活性污泥耗氧性的培養分解試驗，針對鄰苯二甲酸氫鉀分別以生化需氧量、呼吸壓差法及碳源消耗量等好氧性微生物之各種代謝指標進行分析計算，並與理論耗氧量或化學需氧量作比較。實驗結果發現，KHP之濃度在30 ppm、60 ppm、100 ppm、150 ppm下，原始污泥之生物分解度分別是29.34%、14.67% 、8.80%、 5.86%；而馴化污泥之生物分解度分別是88.02%、88.02%、88.02%、90.96%；由此發現原始污泥隨著KHP濃度添加，並無明顯的菌體成長，而活性不變，馴化後之污泥其活性較好，隨著KHP濃度的增加，其生物分解速率變慢，濃度越高，則馴化污泥對KHP生物分解反應所花費的時間越長，使得生物分解度遞增至定值。
並列摘要
Activated sludge is a kind of aerobic bioremediation for sewage. The method can remove soluble and colloidal organics which are biodegradable. Meanwhile, it can also take away suspended solids and other matters along with a part of phosphorus and nitrogen compounds. This research attempts to use potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) as the organic salt in the wastewater treatment model. Besides, the research also collects 10 kinds of activated sludge combinations to degrade KHP of different concentration in order to study the influences between acclimated and unacclimated sludge on KHP biodegradation. By measuring the dissolved oxygen of the closed bottle and different oxygen demand respiratory pressure (Oxitops) to test the culturing conditions and oxygen consumption of the activated sludge in long term. Then, the research introduces related kinetic models to investigate the dynamics of the acclimated sludge on the potassium hydrogen phthalate as a sole carbon substrate and to explore the metabolic indexes of the aerobic microorganisms such as biological oxygen demand (BOD), respiratory pressure method and carbon consumption through analysis, calculation and further comparison with theroretical oxygen demand (ThOD) or chemical oxygen demand (COD). The experimental results show that when the concentration of KHP is under 30 ppm, 60 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm, the biodegradation levels of unacclimated sludge are 29.34%, 14.67%, 8.80%, and 5.86% respectively; and the biodegradation levels of acclimated sludge are 88.02%, 88.02%, 88.02%, and 90.96% respectively. It is found that there is an obvious suppression level of the unacclimated sludge as the concentration of the KHP increases. Rejuvenating the acitivity of the acclimated sludge, the rate of KHP degradation slows down as the acitivity of the KHP increases. With a higher KHP concentration, more time is required for the acclimated sludge to process KHP degradation till the biodegradation level increases up to a fixed value.