高壓型後傾式離心風機改善設計及性能測試之研究

近年環保意識提高，提昇效率成為風機產品開發製造時之首要目的。而中國大陸對於販售風機訂定效率門檻，未達門檻則無法販售，故本研究以協助台商風機廠透過官方性能測試，並通過其效率販售門檻為主要目標。本研究利用CFD軟體，使用全因子分析以及田口方法改善廠商現有高壓型後傾式離心風機設計，幫助其提升風機效率；包括改良喇叭口之幾何外型，使空氣流動可以更加順暢外，再利用田口方法將風輪葉片之入口角b1、出口角b2、出口高度b2，以及喇叭口跟葉輪的間隙做為直交表之因子，即模擬之實驗參數。本研究歷經三次之改良設計，且實際製造之風機經過AMCA 210標準測試後，其全壓效率比原始設計提升了約5.4%，即由68 %提升至73.4 %，一舉通過大陸能效三級認證，若此風機於工廠24小時運轉，以一年來計算，估計一台風機可省下約3,070度電（約9,200元的電費)，並且減少約1,860 Kg的CO2排放量。風機效率雖達到能效門檻後，仍試圖以密封元件中的「迷宮油封」為概念，針對喇叭口跟葉輪間隙之洩漏，進行「迷宮油封式設計」，目標為減少其內洩漏造成的能量損失，根據模擬結果可知其確有改善，但效果不如預期。此外，本文特別佐以實務經驗而提出說明，設立一間可通用於GB 1236及AMCA 210之風機性能測試實驗室的構想。首先，針對此兩種風機性能測試規範進行分析，將可共用的部份，設計製作成固定設備，另因應測試標準不同而需更換者，設計製作成元件組，在必要時予以更換，即可同時滿足於兩種測試規範，以增加測試設備之彈性，達到節省設置實驗室之成本與儲存空間。

關鍵字

後傾式離心風機； CFD ； AMCA ；田口方法

並列摘要

Nowadays, the issues of energy consumption have been addressed because that the greenhouse effect has been more and more severe. As a result, energy saving and carbon reduction have become major goals in fan design. In fact, fans are required to meet the minimum efficiency threshold set by the Chinese government in order to be sold in China. Consequently, the goals of this study are to assist the fan company in Taiwan to get through his efficiency threshold. In this study, the CFD software is implemented and with a Taguchi method to enhance the existing backward centrifugal fan design to enhance the efficiency of the fan. The air flow of the fan is smoother by improving the appearance of inlet cone and housing. In addition, the angles of the blades b1, b2, b2 were chosen to be the factors as the Taguchi’s parameters. The overlap between inlet cone and impellers was also established as the most significant factor. The result indicated that the improved model is about 5.4 % more efficient the original design after tested AMCA 210 test was done. In other words, the efficiency was raised from 68 % to 73.4 %. If a fan is being turned on for 24-hour in a factory, one is able to save about 9,200 NT dollars per year, and reduce 1,860Kg of CO2 emissions per year. Although the fan was improved and reached the third efficiency threshold set by the Chinese government. In order to get more efficiency raising, we used the concept of the labyrinth seals to reduce the leakage of the gap between the inlet cone and the wheel. My target is to decrease the leakage caused by the design from the application of the labyrinth seals. The data that obtained from the flow simulation of the CFD software, as the design has proven to be useful in reducing the leakage. It’s a pity that the application design of the labyrinth seals can’t improve the fan’s efficiency as expected. In addition, in order to test the fan or blower performances, one has to set up the equipment or lab that complies with the code. In order to save the initial costs, the authors have designed and set-up a common lab for both AMCA 210 and GB 1236. The report provides the experiences and what have been done that to accomplish the requirement.

並列關鍵字

Backward-Inclined Centrifugal Fan ； CFD ； AMCA ； Taguchi Methods

參考文獻

[10] ANSI/AMCA 21 0-07 ANSI/ASHRAE 51-07, “Laboratory Method of Testing Fans for Certified Aerodynamic Performance Rating.”

[35] 蔡尤溪，降低風機耗能50％，是否可實現？，通風設備與工程，第三期，2009。

[40] 林均涵，離心風機之進口風量控制器設計與模擬分析，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學機電整合研究所，2012

[6] 張全和，線型式離心風機數值與實驗整合研究，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學冷凍空調工程系，台北、台灣，2010。

[14] Bowerman, D.G. and Acosta, A., ”Effect of the Volume on Performance of a Centrifugal Pump Impeller” , Trans. ASME, vol.79, 1957, pp.1057-1069

國際替代計量

高壓型後傾式離心風機改善設計及性能測試之研究

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