模糊多目標專案管理問題於精簡距離法在整合線性規劃之應用

Application of Signed Distance Method to Integrated Linear Programming for Fuzzy Multi-Objective Project Management Problems

楊尚航(Shang-Hang Yang)

指導教授 ： 王明展

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2009.00150

摘要

本研究主要要建構一個互動式可能性線性規劃(IPLP)方法，用以求解模式內容涵蓋總專案成本，總專案時間，總趕工成本三個極小化目標，並同時納入直接與間接成本、總預算等相關限制因素考量。接著本研究運用精簡距離法來轉換模糊數至確定值。更進一步，本研究會提出一個互動式求解步驟來求解更好的妥協解在多目標專案管理決策問題上。其考量具不確定性質的輸入參數藉由執行最小運算子並假設每一目標函數皆有一模糊目標值。其主要使每一目標函數之最不好的隸屬區間上界值達到最小並趨近於最好的隸屬區間下界值，使其能獲得一組更有效解。此外，本研究亦會提供專案管理決策者不同之思考模式，考量專案管工時間在一定的範圍內與以往專完工時間越小越好之模式比較，其原因為當一個專案延遲超過正常的完工時間，會有合約懲罰成本，而要求完工太快，亦會產生更多的閒置時間及趕工成本。最後特舉二個產業個案進行模式測試並進行模式比較，藉以分析及歸納本文IPLP方法在實驗應用上的重要管理意涵。整體而言，本文所發展之IPLP 方法可求得一組更有效妥協解並同時具彈性的修正程序、提供較多元決策資訊等特色，更符合企業實務應用需求。

關鍵字

專案管理 ； 模糊集合 ； 互動式可能性線性規劃

並列摘要

In real-life project management (PM) situations, the project managers must handle conflicting goals that govern the use of the resources within organizations. The proposed interactive possibilistic linear programming (IPLP) attempts to simultaneously minimize total project cost, total completion time and total crashing cost with reference to direct, indirect cost and relevant constraints. Besides, the proposed approach applies the signed distance method to transform fuzzy numbers into crisp values. Moreover, this paper will present an interactive solution procedure to determine the preferred compromise solution for the multi-objective PM decision problems. The proposed approach considers the imprecise nature of the input data by implementing the minimum operator and also assumes that each objective function has a fuzzy goal. It focuses on minimizing the worst upper bound to obtain an efficient solution which is close to the best lower bound of each objective function. In addition, this work also present a different opinion for project manager to make decisions if project completion time is in a suitable range in contrast to minimize the project completion time. When a project is extended beyond its normal completion time, the contractual penalty cost will be incurred, whereas, a project completed too fast before its completion time under normal conditions, much more crashing cost and float time will be incurred. At the end of the paper, two numerical examples are presented to illustrate the feasibility of applying the proposed approach to actual PM decision problems. Furthermore, this approach can be applied to solve other multi-objective decision making problems.

並列關鍵字

Project management ； Fuzzy set ； Interactive Possibilistic linear programming

參考文獻

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