染料敏化太陽能電池之膠態電解質開發

本研究主要是討論由不同成分組成之染料敏化太陽能電池(DSSC)其膠態高分子其特性的比較，使用不同的電解質組成搭配不同高分子材料及溶劑找出最佳配方。實驗使用LiI或KI為碘化物搭配I2，並添加聚乙二醇 (PEG) 或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)高分子添加物，再以乙腈(ACN) 或碳酸丙烯酯(PC) 兩種溶劑製備成膠態電解液，分析由不同組成方式合成的電解質特性，並對不同高分子的添加比例做比較。本實驗光陽極為在ITO導電玻璃上塗覆一層TiO2薄膜厚度為15~30μm，而對電極為在FTO玻璃上濺鍍一層Pt厚度為20μm，對其進行光電轉換效率(conversion efficiency)測試，實驗結果以0.5M LiI+0.05M I2 搭配ACN並加入20wt.%PEG組成方式為最佳，以此電解質組成方式，在100Mw/cm2 光源照射下DSSC的填充因子為0.50，短路電流密度為 12.11mA/cm2，開路電壓為680mV而光電轉換效率為4.13%。使用膠態電解質組成之DSSC和使用液態電解液相比能有較穩定的光電轉換效率，在第7日光電轉換效率仍有2.6%，在第14日光電轉換效率有0.35%。

關鍵字

膠態電解質；聚乙烯吡咯烷酮；聚乙二醇；乙腈染料敏化太陽能電池

並列摘要

The study mainly compares the features of high-molecular gel-type dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) composed of different components. Different electrolytes are used to synthesize with different high-molecular materials and solvents, intending to find out the best prescription. The experiments of the study use LiI and KI, together with I2, to serve as electrolytes, which are added with high-molecular additives, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), as well as two solvents, acetonitrile (ACN) and propylene carbonate (PC), to prepare gel-type electrolytes. The study analyzes the features of the electrolytes synthesized by different assembly ways, and compares the addition proportions of different high molecules. In the experiments, photoelectrode is made by coating a layer of TiO2 thin film at thickness of 15~30um on ITO conducting glass; and counter electrode is made by sputtering a layer of Pt at thickness of 20um on FTO conducting glass. They both receive conversion efficiency test. The experimental results show that the composition of 0.5M of LiI + 0.05M of I2 and ACN, as well as addition of 20 wt.% of PEG, can achieve the best performance. Under illumination of light source 100mWcm-2, the DSSC with electrolyte composed in this way has fill factor 0.5, short-circuit density 12.11mAcm-2, open-circuit voltage 680mV, and conversion efficiency 4.13%. Comparing with the DSSC using liquid-state electrolyte, the DSSC composed of gel-type electrolyte has more stable conversion efficiency. The seventh day, its conversion efficiency is 2.4%, and the fourteenth day, its conversion efficiency is 0.35%.

並列關鍵字

gel polymer electrolyte ； polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) ； acetonitrile (ACN) ； polyethylene glycol (PEG) ； DSSC

參考文獻

[1] Energy Information Administration, International Energy Outlook 2007, Washington: U.S. Department of Energy, 2007, pp. 29-58.

[2] D. E. Carlson, C. R. Wronski, "Amorphous silicon solar cell," Appl. Phys. Lett. vol. 28, 1975, pp. 671-973.

[3] 楊采穎，二氧化鈦奈米棒的製備與應用:從光催化反映到染料敏化太陽能電池效率之相關性探討，碩士學位，台北科技大學，台北，2008。

[4] B. O’Regan, M. Gratzel, "A new-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films," Nature, vol. 353, no. 6346, 1991, pp. 737-740.

[5] A. Hagfeldt, M. Gratzel, "Light-induced redox reactions in nanocrystalline systems," Chem. Rev, vol. 95, no. 1, 1995, pp. 49-68.

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染料敏化太陽能電池之膠態電解質開發

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