淡水河流域乾旱年水資源聯合運用研究

Water Resources Combined To Apply In Tan-Shui River Basin On Drought Year

王圳宏(Chung-Hung Wang)

指導教授 ： 林鎮洋

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境規劃與管理研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2005.00087

摘要

本研究是基於水資源在適度開發條件下，限制各標的（民生、工業、農業及生態保育）用水需求，冀能達到水資源在總量管制下合理的分配及彈性的調度，以保育及永續利用水資源。因此考量水資源利用應先以地面水為主，同時兼顧河川生態基流量，審慎開發地下水為輔助水源之原則下，選擇台灣北部淡水河流域為研究例，在不增加水利設施（攔河堰、水壩及水庫）條件下，探討該流域於各用水分區（基隆區、台北區、板新區及石門區）之各標的用水需求量，並推估流域內未來各目標年（2006年、2011年、2016年、及2021年）的年需水量介於30.92~33.74億立方公尺，且各標的用水以生活用水比例最高、其次為農業用水、工業用水及生態保育用水。
另本研究運用系統動態學理論，及利用系統動態學應用軟體VENSIM，建構流域水資源動態模式，分析其三大支流基隆河、新店溪及大漢溪於乾旱年期間可供應之地面水資源潛能量，另考量該流域所涵蓋之台北盆地及桃園中壢台地二地下水區可供應之地下水資源蘊藏量，進一步評估該流域內水資源潛能量，經分析淡水河流域於乾旱年期間當僅以地面水供應水源缺水率介於16.59%~44.43%間，缺水指數介於5.87~8.06間，若以地面水及地下水聯合供應時，缺水率介於16.29%~27.95%間，缺水指數介於3.46~4.28間，顯示地下水聯合運用有其效益性。經可行性評估，未來各目標年於乾旱期間之需水量，可透過各標的用水量減供來達到水資源供需間平衡。

關鍵字

乾旱年 ； 系統動態學 ； 標的用水 ； 水資源潛能量 ； 缺水率 ； 缺水指數

並列摘要

Water is one of natural resources of the nation, it is not inexhaustible supply.The key element of sustainable development in water resource management is continuing to satisfy civil demands and modernization for now and future. The purpose of this research is considering the supply of water resource in surface water as the first priority, and taking ecological base stream flow into account at the same time. This research chose under the presumption of no additional man-made installations (e.g. water dam) in water conservancy, to confer the demand of water resource in the basin at Chi-Lung zone、Taipei zone、Pan-Hsin zone and Shin-Men zone, and estimated the demand of water resource in 2006、2011、2016 and 2021 years between 30.92~33.74 a hundred million m3. The percentage of water supply for people’s livelihood tops the others, agricultural use comes the second, followed by industrial and ecological water supplies.
Adopting the System Dynamic theory and using application Vensim software to set up water resource system dynamic mode , this research analyzed Chi-Lung River、Hsin-Tien Chi and Ta-Han Chi of Tan-Shui River basin, which supply water resource potential capacities on drought year. The other consideration is groundwater resource potential capacities in Taipei Basin and Taoyuan-Chungli Terrace of Tan-Shui River basin. The rate of shortage is between 16.59%~44.43% and shortage index is between 5.87~8.06 when only surface water supply, but it between 16.29%~27.95% and 3.46~4.28 when surface water and groundwater supply. It means to make use of groundwater is benefit. It can use to reduce the restrain each target demand of water to balance the demand and supply of water resource.

並列關鍵字

Drought Year ； System Dynamic Theory ； Each Target Demand Of Water ； Water Resource Potential Capacity ； The Rate Of Shortage ； Shortage Index

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