應用免疫演算法於特殊保護系統最佳規劃

The Optimal Planning of Special Protection System Using Immune Algorithm

林正發(Zheng-Fa Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳昭榮

國立臺北科技大學/電資學院/電機工程系所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

長距離及大容量輸電的情況下，電力系統穩定度為一相當重要的課題，運用特殊保護系統來增強電力系統穩定度，以避免可能發生不穩定而導致大區域停電的情況，已是各大電網之趨勢。
　　近年來利用免疫演算法來作整體最佳化是各領域專家學者常用之方式，透過免疫演算法的記憶細胞特性，將最佳解保留至下一代，也透過抑制細胞的特性，抑制相似度高的解，藉此增加抗體群的雜異度，藉由免疫演算法能有效達到快速收斂且全域最佳解。
　　因此本文應用免疫演算法來設定特殊保護系統中發電機跳脫的策略，其適應函數為在系統穩定下，發電機跳脫數目與輸出波形第一個振幅的波峰與波谷差距值之和。並以電力系統分析軟體PSS/E配合輸電規範準則進行模擬，然後將所獲得最佳解以PEALS軟體驗證其小信號穩定度。
　　以台電2008年尖、離峰系統，當龍崎超高壓變電所引出線發生極端偶發事故N-1-2的情況下為例，經由模擬結果，免疫演算法所獲得之解，確能在最少發電機跳脫情形下有效維持電力系統之穩定性。本文所提出之方法，可提供電力系統規劃及運轉人員參考，以提升電力系統之穩定與可靠度。

關鍵字

穩定度 ； 免疫演算法 ； 特殊保護系統 ； 記憶細胞 ； 抑制細胞

並列摘要

The power system stability is an important issue for the situation of bulk amount and long distant electricity transmission. It is a trend for the famous grids world wide to take the measures of the special protection system to improve the power system stability. It also can avoid the large area blackout results from power system instability.
　　Recently using Immune Algorithm for the integration optimization solution has become common way used by experts and scholars. By the feature of Memory Cell of Immune Algorithm, it will keep optimization solution to the next generation also by the feature of Suppressor Cell, suppress the highly similar solution. It will enhance Diversity of Antibody group by this way and effectively approach fast convergence and global optimization solution by Immune Algorithm.
　　Therefore, this paper applies Immune Algorithm to develop the strategy of generator rejection in Special Protection Systems. The target function is the sum of the number of generator’s rejection and output waveform’s first amplitude of peak wave and valley wave and under condition when system is stable. Meanwhile, we also use process simulation. Finally, we use optimization solution which is already obtained to verify small signal stability by PEALS software.
　　In the case of Tai-power peak and off peak system in 2008, when Lung-Chi EHV Substaion lead out line happened extreme accidental accident under the situation of N-1-2. The solution which is obtained by Immune Algorithm can indeed effectively maintain power system stability under condition of fewest generator rejection. The way proposed in this paper can provide reference for the blackout prevention in the planning and operation departments and also enhance the power system stability and reliability.

並列關鍵字

stability ； Immune Algorithm ； Special Protection Systems ； Memory Cell ； Suppressor Cell

參考文獻

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