- 學位論文
運用電紡絲系統產生短纖維之研究
An Electrospinning Process for Preparing Segmented Fibers
摘要
電紡絲所製備出的非紡織型連續長纖維，直徑尺寸最小可達到奈米級，並具有高比表面積等優點，有著廣泛用途，其應用領域涵蓋生物科技、環境工程、紡織、能源與電子產業等，除了連續長纖維的應用之外，發現取得短纖維的方式過程較為複雜，須於後端將製備的纖維以物理方式使其碎裂，且較少直接控制產生短纖維的研究，所以本研究運用電紡絲系統，嘗試製備短纖維，並探討其特性。 本研究以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(poly(methyl methacrylate)，PMMA)為高分子聚合材料，於電紡絲系統，加入自行設計之通斷電機構，測試其裝置的穩定性與安全性；藉由通斷電機構控制參數與電紡絲操作參數相互搭配，以嘗試製備短纖維，最後由掃描式電子顯微鏡( Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)觀察纖維型態，並分析參數相互關係與差別。 本研究結果顯現PMMA/DMF溶液黏度呈線性成長。由SEM所拍攝的短纖維照片，依型態可簡單分為三大類，分別為表面均勻平滑的主要短纖維(primary segmented fiber)，平均長度約103 μm，長寬比為23.82~49.90；其次是珠狀短纖維(bead segmented fiber)，因溶液黏度較高(7.0477 pa•s)，聚合溶液因內部鍵與鍵糾纏在一起，且受電場擾動的影響，針頭未接地，造成電荷累積使之產生較長、直徑較粗的帶有珠狀的短纖維，平均長度約849 μm，長寬比為131.67~ 187.71；第三類為伴隨著珠狀短纖維產生長度約55 μm以下的衛星短纖維(satellite segmented fiber)，其數量隨電壓升高至14 KV而增加，造成短纖維長度分布呈現雙峰趨勢。 由上述結果可得知本研究自行設計之通斷電機構，能夠控制脈衝波形，並且於適當的參數組合下，產生短纖維。
並列摘要
Electrospinning is a versatile method for the preparation of ultra-fine polymer fiber since a large variety of fibers based on different materials and material compositions of prepared. Nonwoven-type polymer mats consisting of long fibers can be obtained which are of interest for different fields of applications including Biotechnology, environmental engineering, energy storage, tissue engineering, electronic applications, etc. Controlled of electrospun segmented fibers will be of significant interest since the manifold possibilities for the design of new devices on the micrometer scale. Although many studies have been presented the application of electrospun fibers, few have been carried out on the producing of segmented fibers. The aim of this study will focus on using electrospinning to fabricate segmented fibers. The polymers in the study were poly( methyl methacrylate). The device was design and producing by ourselves, it connected to the electrospinning system. We test to assure that devices are used safely and stability. By processing parameters in elestrospinning and controlling parameters of the device to preparing segmented fibers. The fibers will be analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In this study, the segmented fibers modes can be divided into three groups, primary segmented fiber, bead segmented fiber, and satellite segmented fiber. There are 92% of primary segmented fiber length was less than 350 μm, and the average length was 103 μm. The average length of bead segmented fiber was about 849μm. Because of the higher viscosity of PMMA/DMF solution, the bonding of PMMA was entangled. In addition, the charge accumulation was happened with non-grounded needle and electric field was disordered with Pulse-wave. The length of satellite segmented fiber was less than 55 μm, the aspect ratio was between 2.89 to 3.55. Besides, higher supply voltage can prepare more satellite segmented fiber. And the length distribution of fiber was bimodal distribution. According to the result of this experimental, the device was design by ourselves can control the Pulse wave, preparing segmented fibers.