- 學位論文
由氯化銅蝕刻廢液回收銅鹽之研究
A Study on the Recovery of Copper Salts from Wasted Etching Solution Containing Copper Chloride
摘要
在印刷電路板業中蝕刻液屬於高用量及高污染性質的液體；因此本研究主要使用印刷電路板業中含銅量較高之酸性氯化銅蝕刻液，使用酸鹼中和法從酸性蝕刻廢液製備出銅鹽，以達到廢棄物資源化再利用之永續經營。 本實驗所使用之酸鹼中和法可製備氫氧化銅及氧化銅兩種，一般製備此兩種銅鹽之方法為控制不同pH值、反應溫度及煅燒溫度，製備不同晶相形狀及顆粒大小的氫氧化銅及氧化銅粉末；而本實驗是模擬廢酸液在各種比例之銅離子與氯離子條件下，添加5N NaOH溶液的量，固定pH值，找出製備氫氧化銅之最適條件，發現Cu2+：Cl-在莫耳數比為1：5時所使用之NaOH溶液較少量，且不易黏稠，致使反應完全。 氧化銅部分則分為煅燒法與水熱分解法，煅燒法在各種儀器下分析，發現在350℃、5小時之後，可得一純氧化銅。而水熱分解法利用模擬廢酸液Cu2+：Cl-在莫耳數比為1：5之100mL混合液，加入56mL 5N NaOH溶液，利用不同之反應溫度、時間並藉由各種儀器觀察不同反應溫度、時間之產物結構、形狀、成分，由實驗發現需在160℃攪拌1小時以後，產物才會反應完全。 硫酸銅五個結晶水部分則利用固定量的Cu(OH)2、CuO，加入過濃的5N硫酸溶液。由實驗知，在攪拌時間上，若超過1.5小時，會有細小顆粒開始產生；在等待晶體沉澱時，時間愈久晶體顆粒愈大。但對以過濾出的銅含量產物並沒有相對的影響，但對產率有一定的影響力。並且實驗中也以自然乾燥與烘乾吸水做比較，發現烘乾後吸水的硫酸銅較接近其理論值。
並列摘要
Etchants are high consumption and high pollution of the printed circuit board industry; therefore this research uses the etchant for the acid copper chloride amount the high copper content in the printed circuit board industry, using the neutralization for acids and bases to prepare of the copper salt by the acid wasted etching liquid. This way is in order to reach the waste recovery and sustainable development. Experiment uses the neutralization for acids and bases can preparation of the copper hydroxide and copper oxide. Generally, the control factors of the synthetic experiments included the different pH values, reaction temperature or to calcined temperature of copper salt products, to prepare the different crystalline grain shape and particle size the copper hydroxide and the copper oxide powder; then the experiment is simulation waste acid solution under various kinds the proportion of Cu2+and Cl-, then add the 5N NaOH solution and fixed pH value. Find out preparation to copper hydroxide optimum operate condition. Showed that when the molar ration Cu(II)：Cl(I) =1：5, used small amount of NaOH solution , and products not sticky, cause the reaction to be complete. The part of copper oxide divides into the calcined and hydrothermal decomposition, by analyse under various kinds of instruments, can finding that in 350℃and 5 hours later, can obtained the pure copper oxide. The hydrothermal decomposition used the 56mL 5N NaOH solution add to the molar ration Cu(II)：Cl(I) =1：5. Using different reaction temperature and reaction time, to observe products structures, shapes, components by analyse under various kinds of instruments. Finding that products reaction complete showed to 160℃ and 1 hours stirring. The part of five pieces of water of crystallization of copper sulfate use equivalent Cu(OH)2 and CuO, add 5N H2SO4 solution. when mixing time exceed 1.5 hours, there will be emerge of tiny particles; crystal to follow precipitate for a long time, then crystal size gradually increase. But to not having relative influence with the result of content of copper that is filtered out, there is certain influence to the yield. To compare air-dry with dry by heat then absorbent water, we can find the dry by heat then absorbent water theory value to approach.