- 學位論文
交通關鍵基礎設施之災害防護研究
Hazard Protection for Transportation Critical Infrastructures
摘要
關鍵基礎設施之特徵是脆弱性高、區域廣泛、目標明顯、破壞容易、相對的防護困難，而且一旦遭受破壞，將造成嚴重損害或民生重大傷害。 關鍵基礎設施的確保與防護，包括電力、通訊、網路、水庫、橋樑、鐵路、港口等重大設施之安全維護與運作，不論是天然災害或人為災害造成運作中斷，都是極為重要的一環。如何確保關鍵基礎設施之正常運作，為政府目前刻不容緩之課題。 本研究係就關鍵基礎設施中之交通設施做一研究，研究標的選定車站（鐵路、高鐵、捷運）、機場及港埠等關鍵基礎設施，探討其天然災害(如颱風、地震、水災)及人為災害(一般事故及恐佈攻擊)之災害防護作為，藉由蒐集國內外交通關鍵基礎設施之災害防護文獻資料，分析我國與世界主要國家之災害防護機制上有何不同之處，比較優劣，再參酌專家意見與問卷調查，瞭解我國現行交通關鍵基礎設施之災害防護措施是否有缺失或不足之處，並提出研究方案之具體建議，期望做為政府日後修正災害防護作為之參考，以保障交通基礎設施安全運作及國土安全之防災目的。另對我國機場航空站之災害防護進行特別之研究及分析。 在目標上，本研究提出下列具體工作結果： 一、蒐集世界主要國家在交通關鍵基礎設施之災害防護作為。 二、掌握世界主要國家災害應變機制之發展，作為我國災害防救、 防護之參考。 三、比較我國與世界主要國家災害防護作為機制之優劣，以明瞭我國相關制度隱藏之缺失。 四、根據研究成果提出具體建議（機制面、體系面、實務面），以強化我國災害防護與應變之機制。 五、對機場航空站之安全防護提供建言。
並列摘要
Characteristics of the critical infrastructure include that it is highly vulnerable, widespread, obvious, destructed easily, and has protective difficulties. Moreover, once being destructed, that will cause serious paralysis, or pose threats to the livelihood of people significantly. Protection of the critical infrastructure includes the security maintenance and operation of electricity, communications, networks, reservoirs, bridges, railroads, harbors, and so on. And no matter the hazard is a natural or an artificial one, protection of the critical infrastructure is an important segment. Hence how to guarantee that the critical infrastructure can be operated normally is an important issue for government in nowadays. This research regards the traffic facilities as the critical infrastructure, and chooses stations, including railroads, high-speed railroads, and MRT, airports, harbors, and so on as destinations to dicussing about natural disasters（ such as typhoons, earthquakes, and floods） artificial disasters（ such as general accidents and terrifying attacks） and the disaster protection measures. By collecting domestic and foreign hazard protection literatures of transportation critical infrastructure, the study analyzes the differences of hazard protection mechanism between our country and the major countries in the world, and compares the advantages and disadvantages. Besides, by consulting the advices of the experts and through the questionnaire investigation, the study aims to understand whether there are some flaws or deficiencies in the hazard protection measures of traffic critical infrastructure in our country, and to make some specific and feasible recommendations. Hoping that this research can be the reference for the government to revise the Hazard Protection plans in the future for the purpose of protecting the safety of transportation infrastructure operation and the security of national territory. According to the predetermined goals, hoping that this research can achieve the following concrete results: 一、Collecting the hazard protection for transportation critical infrastructures of the major countries in the world. 二、To know the development of the hazard emergency response mechanism in the major countries of the world, as to be reference of rescue and protection for our country. 三、To compare the advantages and disadvantages of hazard protection mechanism in our country with other major countries in the world, as to understand the flaws and deficiencies of related systems in our country. 四、According to the research results to making some specific and feasible recommendations, as to strengthen the hazard protection and the emergency response mechanism in our country. 五、Moreover have special research and analysis of the safety protection in Our country Airport station.