可跨步移動梯之創新機構設計與分析

傳統的A型梯是一個堅固的結構體，使工作者能安全穩定的使用。但是，有很多機會在大範圍的地方工作，頻繁上下梯子以更換工作位置實在是浪費時間與人力。有些具備多年使用工作梯經驗的人，將原來讓梯子在工作狀態穩固的連桿機構除去，這樣可解放梯腳移動的自由度，再利用自身平衡感配合腿部夾住梯子兩邊的梯腳，然後移動位置，然而此種方式卻有極大的危險，因此而造成的意外不在少數。本文提出一可跨步移動梯之創新機構設計，它能讓使用者在梯子上面即可安全地移動梯子，此機構由七支桿件九個接頭所構成的一個自由度機構。其設計主要以在傳統梯子架構下作延伸設計，配合適當的連桿，能達到簡便移動的特性，並且利用梯子本身運動的限制來防止梯子無預期的開合，確保其安全性。此設計保有傳統功能，增加最少桿件，達到可跨步移動的功能。此創新設計之可跨步移動梯的穩定性，亦經過理論分析證實。此外，此可跨步移動梯還具備方便運送的收摺功能。此可跨步移動梯的可行性，亦經過製作的原型機構裝置在傳統的A型梯上，實際操作而加以證實。

關鍵字

梯子；可跨步移動；機構；創新設計

並列摘要

The traditional A-type ladder is a strong solid structure. It provides a safe support for the user to stand on it. It is very often for the user to stand on the ladder to work for a big range of area and frequently require going up and down the ladder which is pretty time-consuming. Some experienced users would dismantle the links connecting the ladder feet in order to walk the ladder by clipping ladder feet. However, it is very dangerous to do that way, and accidents occur quite often. This paper presents an innovative mechanism design for a ladder of capability of stepping and moving. It allows the user stand on the ladder and safely moving the ladder. This 1-DOF mechanism consists of seven links and nine joints. It is based on the structure of traditional A-type ladder and adds few links to obtain the functions of easily to move. Furthermore, it uses the kinematic limitations of the mechanism to ensure the safety from the unexpected open or close of the ladder. The stability of this design has been theoretically analyzed and confirmed. In addition, the walking ladder also has the function of folding. The feasibility has been confirmed through operating a prototype of this design installed to a traditional A-type ladder.