- 學位論文
自動偵測充放電之雙向數位型電能轉換器
Bidirectional Charge and Discharge Digital Power Converter with Automatic Detection
摘要
本文探討數位化控制器應用於雙向電能轉換器(Bidirectional Converter) 操作上，利用狀態空間變數之動態方程分析與誤差方程式推導以得到控制器PI參數，使直流電源轉換器電路操作於充電模式及放電模式皆可穩定地達到預設的輸出電壓，使之可以對蓄電池穩定充電，也可以從鉛酸電池輸出穩定電壓提供負載使用。利用微控制器Arduino作為數位控制核心，讓本文可自動切換充電及放電模式，可自行設定操作情境以決定電路工作模式；建立磁滯判斷曲線，即時偵測輸入電壓及電池開路電壓去做為判斷切換的條件，使電路切換於充電或是放電狀態。此兩種狀態模式皆共用相同的硬體電路去實現，轉換器之電感是儲存能量的重要元件，所以電感數值的設計尤為重要。本研究係利用變頻的技術，讓電感可在黃金頻率點下發揮最大效能。整體切換技術先行利用模擬軟體驗證可行性，然後實作電路並且將控制器參數實現在此電路，以達到雙向電能轉換之目的。
並列摘要
This thesis focuses on digitized controller’s application on bidirectional converter operation. We use state space method and error equations to design the parameters of the proposed PI controller. With this design, a lead-acid battery can be steadily charged and also output stable voltage for the need from the loadings. Microprocessor Arduino is used as the digital control center to make the system with the following functions: (i) Automatically switch charge and discharge modes; (ii) Can set operational scenario setting and determine the related circuit modes; (iii) Can establish B-H judgement curve and real time detect input voltage and battery voltage as the criterion to switch the circuit at charge or discharge modes. Both modes using the same circuit to realize. The inductance is an important component for energy saving, so the design of the inductance is very cruicial. We modify the PWM switching frequency to make inductance with high efficiency under both modes. The developed mode switching technique is firstly verified using simulation software to confirm its feasibility. Then the practical circuit is implemented to carry out all the funcions mentioned above.